低氧吸入治疗对哮喘缓解期豚鼠气道平滑肌张力的影响  

Effects of hypoxia inhalation therapy on allergic inflammation of airway in remission stage in asthmatic guinea pigs

作　　者：熊建平[1] 孔祥英[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学西南医院儿科,重庆400038

出　　处：《重庆医学》2006年第22期2017-2020,共4页Chongqing medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨低氧吸入治疗对哮喘的机制,为临床应用低氧吸入治疗儿童哮喘提供部分理论依据。方法采用10%卵蛋白(OA)腹腔注射致敏和5次1%OA吸入诱发复制哮喘豚鼠动物模型,设立正常对照组、哮喘对照组和低氧吸入治疗组3组。利用(13±0.5)%O2/N2低氧混合气体治疗干预,结束后3组均做血清皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数和低密度EOS(HEOS)百分率以及气道平滑肌张力的测定,并进行统计学分析。结果(1)正常对照组和低氧吸入治疗组的血清皮质醇含量均高于哮喘对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但低氧吸入治疗组值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)哮喘对照组和低氧吸入治疗组BALF中EOS绝对值及HEOS百分率均数均高于正常对照组,低氧吸入治疗组低于哮喘对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(3)哮喘对照组气道平滑肌张力明显增高,而低氧吸入治疗组降低;(4)肺组织病理学检查显示,低氧吸入治疗组较哮喘对照组病理变化明显改善,主要表现为气道EOS浸润减少,肺泡间隔水肿减轻,Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞内板层小体接近正常。结论低氧吸入治疗能使哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇升高,从而使其BALF中EOS数和活化的EOS(HEOS)减少,气道变应性炎症明显好转,气道高反应性(AHR)得以恢复,有利于预防哮喘复发和哮喘发作症状的减轻。Objective To explore the mechanism of therapeutic effects of hypoxia inhalation on asthma to provide partial theoretical basis for clinical practice. Methods Guinea pigs were randomized into the normal control group（ NCG）, asthmatic group （AG） and the hypoxia inhalation-treated group（HITG）. The model of asthma was established in the animals in the latter two groups through sensitization and induction with 10% ovalbumin（OA） and 1% OA respectively. The animals in HITG were treated with hypoxia inhalation（ 13±0.5）% O2/N2 mixed gas）. The content of serumcortisol, the number of eosinophils （EOS） and percentage of hypodense eosinophils （HEOS） in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and the tension of airway muscle were determined. Results （ 1 ）The content of serum cortisol was significantly higher in NCG and HITG than in AG（P〈0. 01 ）, but no significant difference between HITG and NCG（ P〉0.05）;（ 2 ）The number of EOS and percentage of HEOS in BALF was significantly higher in AG and HITG than in NCG, but significantly lower in HITG than in AG（P〈0.01） ;（3）The tension of airway muscle in AG was increased markedly while that in HITG was decreased;（4）Pathological changes of lung incuded infiltration of EOS in airway, interstiltial edema of the alveolar septum and evacuation of lamellar body in alveolar type Ⅱ cells which were seen in AG easily while all these were improved in HITG. Conclusion After the treatment with hypoxia inhalation, the content of serum cortisol in asthmatic guinea pigs significantly increased to result in marked decrease of the numher of EOS and the percentage of HEOS in BALF, at the same time, pathological changes of allergic inflammation in airway were improved, thus resulted in alleviation of the airway hyperresponsiveness. All these may be beneficial to prevent the relapse of asthma and alleviate asthmatic syndrome, which suggests that hypoxia inhalation is of great value for clinical practice.

关 键 词：哮喘 低氧吸入 皮质醇 嗜酸性粒细胞 气道变应性炎症 豚鼠 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]