克隆植物结缕草在两种环境中的生长发育特征  

Growth and Development of the Clonal Plant Zoysia japonica in Two Environmental Conditions

作　　者：李德志[1] 申芳芳[1] 王长爱[1] 柯世朕[1] 王超华[1] 范旭丽[1] 宋云[1] 李红[1] 周燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第6期117-124,共8页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30370245;30470288);上海市生态学重点学科项目;华东师范大学2112工程项目

摘　　要：以克隆植物结缕草为对象,研究了其在温室内、外两种环境条件下的生长发育特征.结果表明:在相同环境条件下,主匍匐茎上的复合节、根、Ta和Tb分蘖的形成顺序依次后移,且形成速率均呈相互平行的直线关系.但在温室内,主匍匐茎上的复合节及其它器官的形成时间一般均较温室外晚.复合节间的形成是逐渐完成的,在温室外,一个复合节间的70%完成于该复合节形成后和下一个复合节间形成前,而其余则完成于下一个复合节间形成之后.在温室外,二级匍匐茎上复合节及其它器官的形成规律与主匍匐茎相似,但Tb的形成速率较慢.这与各级匍匐茎之间以及各相应构件器官之间资源传输与分配格局存在差异有关.通过主匍匐茎的向前直线型生长和次级匍匐茎的侧向伸展,结缕草分株被放置到更加广阔的生态空间,分株种群规模扩大,资源摄取能力增强,从而有助于提高结缕草的生态适应性和种间竞争能力.The patterns of the growth and development and the characteristics of the environmental responses of Zoysia japonica were studied inside and outside the greenhouse. The results showed that： in the same conditions, the sequences of formation were the multiple-node, root, Ta and Tb on the primary stolons; the rates of formation of the multiple-node and the attached organs on the primary stolons were linear and parallel each other, but the rates inside the greenhouse were usually slower than that outside; the formation of internode was a gradual process; 70 % of the internode was elongated after the occurrence of the multiple-node and before the occurrence of the next multiple-node, 30% was elongated after the occurrence of the next multiplenode; in the environment outside the greenhouse, the secondary stolons showed similar characteristics of growth to the primary stolons in terms of the multiple-node and the attached organs, but Tb developed slowly than Ta, which might be related to the different patterns of resource translocation and allocation between the primary and secondary stolons, and among the attached organs; through linearly forward growth of the primary stolons and lateral growth of the suborder stolons, the ramets of Zoysia japonica clones might be placed into wider ecological space, tamer population might be expanded and the resource acquisition ability might be reinforced, which might enhance the ecological adaptation and the competitive ability.

关 键 词：克隆植物 结缕草 匍匐茎 复合节 生长 发育 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]