原油破乳剂筛选及破乳效果研究  

Screen of Demulsifiers for Oils and Demulsifying Efficiency

作　　者：李美蓉[1] 冯刚[2] 娄来勇[1] 王雪峰[2] 徐俊超[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学化学化工学院,东营257061 [2]大港油田采油二厂,大港300280

出　　处：《精细石油化工进展》2006年第11期14-18,共5页Advances in Fine Petrochemicals

摘　　要：依据“破乳性评分”(DV)值,采用室内瓶试法为大港扣50区混合原油筛选出性能较好的破乳剂。考察了温度和破乳剂浓度对脱水效果的影响,结果表明,选用庄大破乳剂,温度60℃,破乳剂浓度100mg/L条件下,脱水效果最好,脱出水色清,油水界面齐,脱水后原油含水率0.57%,脱出水中含油6.34mg/L。采用滴体积法测定了破乳剂及破乳剂浓度对原油及沥青质、芳香分、胶质和饱和分4组分的油水动态界面张力的影响,结果表明,原油及4组分中加入破乳剂后,界面张力都降低,尤其是庄大破乳剂对油/水界面张力降低幅度最大;随着破乳剂浓度的增加,原油及4组分油/水界面张力呈现下降趋势,但当破乳剂浓度大于100mg/L时,界面张力呈现上升趋势,各组分出现最低界面张力时对应破乳剂浓度基本在100mg/L左右。因此,选择庄大破乳剂,其浓度100mg/L对脱水和降低油/水界面张力效果都好。Demulsifiers with good behaviours for Kou 50 in Dagang Oilfield were screened using bottle test in the room according to demulsification grading （DV） value. The effects of temperature and demulsifier concentration on dehydration efficiency were examined.The result showed that when the concentration of demulsifiers was 100 mg/L and temperature was 60℃, Zhuangda demulsifier among seven demulsifiers had high dehydration efficiency with the water clear after treatment, and the interface between oil and water very neat. The water content in oil after dehydration 0.57% ,whereas oil content in dehydrated water 6.34 mg/L. The effects of demulsifier kinds and demulsifier concentration on the dynamic interface tension between crude oil（or four components）/water were determined using drop volumetric method. The result showed the interface tension decreased when demulsifiers were added into crude oil and four components, and Zhuangda demulsifier had best demulsifying effect. With increase of demulsifier content in oils, the interface tension decreased, but when the concentration of demulsitfiers was above 100 mg/L, the interface tension increased. Therefore, 100 mg/L of Zhuangda demulsifier was selected which had good behaviours in dehydration and could decrease the oil/water interface tension.

关 键 词：原油 破乳剂 脱水率 界面张力 

分 类 号：TE869[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]