排污河道的疏浚底泥在园林中的应用研究  

Study on Horticultural Application of Dredged Sewage River Sediment

作　　者：马伟芳[1] 赵新华[1] 王洪云[2] 邢永杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]天津市市政工程设计研究院,天津300051 [3]北京市可持续发展促进会,北京100101

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2006年第23期74-77,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：天津市科技发展计划项目(043111811)

摘　　要：通过温室盆栽试验,考察了将天津市大沽排污河疏浚底泥应用于园林绿地后,其对景观园林植物———黑麦草、紫花苜蓿生理特性的影响以及植物对重金属的积累和对有机物的降解情况,并对重金属在土壤中的迁移特性及其对地下水的潜在危害进行了评价。结果表明,施用30、60、90、120 kg/m2的底泥,黑麦草和紫花苜蓿的发芽率均随底泥施用量的增加而减小,但植物的株高、生物量和叶绿素含量均高于对照组的,表明底泥的施用不仅没有对植物的生理造成伤害,而且促进了植物的生长;两种植物积累的Pb2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、N i2+量随着底泥施用量的增加而明显增加,但二者之间没有显著差异;土壤中有机污染物含量明显降低,且复杂的有机物被转化为易于被植物吸收利用的小分子有机物;土壤溶液中Zn2+浓度较高,需考虑其对环境的潜在危害。Pot experiments were conducted to study the physiological and ecological effect of dredged sewage river sediment on horticultural plants -- Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Medicogo sativa L. , the removal efficiency of heavy metals and organic pollutant and the risk of the sediment application to environment. Results show that seeds germinating ratio is decreased with the increasing of contaminated dredged sediment, while the height, biomass and chlorophyll concentration of the two plants are higher than the control. This indicates that the application of dredged sewage river sediment does not hurt the physiological and ecological character of the two plants; on the contrary, the sediment promotes the growth of plant. The accumulation amount of Pb^2＋ , Zn^2＋ , Cu^2＋ and Ni^2＋ increases with the increasing of sediment, while the amount hasn＇t much change between the two plants. The concentration of organic pollutant decreases significantly and the complicated pollutants are transformed into smaller molecular weight organic compound which can be utilized by plant easily. The concentration of Zn^2＋ in soil solution is higher than the control, so the risk of Zn^2＋ to environment shall be considered.

关 键 词：排污河道 疏浚底泥 黑麦草 紫花苜蓿 重金属 有机污染物 复合污染 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]