运动员大负荷力量训练中免疫及内分泌机能变化规律的研究  

Study on Changing Pattern of Immune and Endocrine Function of Athletes during Heavy Load Weight Training

作　　者：洪长清[1] 严翊[1] 谢敏豪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院

出　　处：《体育科学》2006年第11期67-70,74,共5页China Sport Science

基　　金：科技部奥运科技攻关项目(2002BA904B04)

摘　　要：探讨举重运动员大负荷力量训练期间负荷与免疫及内分泌功能的关系。25名青年男子举重运动员完成为期5周的“二大一调整”式力量训练。结果:训练期间血清CK、BUN显著性升高。CD 3+、CD 4+、CD 8+、CD 4+/CD 8+虽有所波动但与训练负荷间的关系并不明朗。全血IL-2和IFN-gam a的mRNA呈先升后降的双相变化,并与训练负荷间有较好的一致性;IL-10的mRNA较训练前显著性下降,IL-4的mRNA有所波动,但较训练前无显著性差异。训练期间血清睾酮变化无显著性意义;血清皮质醇较训练前显著性升高,但最大负荷周呈明显下降变化;第2、3、5周,T/C较训练前显著性降低;LH均较训练前显著性升高;FSH在第2个大负荷循环较训练前有显著性下降;血清P rl较训练前显著升高;所有内分泌指标在调整周均未出现明显回复,训练期间C与P rl均呈正相关。结论:举重运动员外周血细胞因子的基因表达较T淋巴细胞分布对训练更敏感,是大负荷力量训练中抗病毒、抗炎症反应等免疫机能评定的敏感指标。大负荷力量训练期间血睾酮调节功能的改变早于血睾酮本身的改变,血睾酮/皮质醇值较血睾酮值有更高的机能评定价值。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of heavy load weight training on immune and endocrine function of lifters. Twenty-five male junior lifers were recruited to undertake a 5-week weight-lifting training program which involved in double 2-week training of heavy load with a interval of one week of tapering. The result showed that a significant increase in both CK and BUN. Although the percentage of CD^3＋, CD^4＋, CD^8＋ and CD^4＋/CD^8＋ fluctuated,it all be inconsistent with the training load. There had increases in both IL-2 and IFN-gama mRNA in the early phase and significant decrease in the late phase. There had significant decrease in IL-10 mRNA in the training period. Serum testosterone had no significant changes during the training while Cortisol increased significantly as the training load was increased. Both LH and Prl had significant increased during the training ,and FSH had significant decreased during the late phase. It concluded that the high volume weight training may inhibit the expression of IL-2, IFN-gama and IL-10 which related to the ability of antivirus, antinflammatory and T cell activation, and those indexes above can be used to value the competitive ability of athletes. The FSH and LH changed before T and,LH and FSH changed reversely during the heavy load weight training. T/C is more valuable than serum T in the valuation of competitive ability of athletes.

关 键 词：举重 力量训练 免疫 激素 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]