成人依恋与社会支持及主观幸福感的关系  

Correlation of adult attachment with social support and subjective well-being

作　　者：李同归[1] 李楠欣[1] 李敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系,北京市100871

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第46期47-49,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70572007)~~

摘　　要：目的押了解成人依恋与社会支持、主观幸福感之间的关系。方法:于2006-03以整体随机抽样的方法对企事业单位员工330人进行问卷调查,问卷包括:成人依恋测量问卷(由关系问卷和亲密关系经历量表组成)、社会支持问卷、主观幸福感问卷(纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表)。关系问卷描述4种依恋类型,要求被试从中选出一种最符合自己的依恋类型,亲密关系经历量表在依恋回避和依恋焦虑两个维度上进行记分;社会支持问卷包括客观支持、主观支持和对社会支持的利用度3个维度;主观幸福感问卷从正性情绪、负性情绪、正性体验和负性体验4个指标计分。运用方差分析、相关分析以及线性回归分析等统计方法,分析成人依恋类型对社会支持以及主观幸福感的影响以及三者之间的关系。结果:发放问卷330份,回收问卷305份,回收率为92.4%。剔除空白问卷等无效问卷10份,得到合格问卷295份,有效率为89.3%。①成人依恋类型:安全型117人(占38.4%),轻视型80人(占26.1%),矛盾型54人(占17.7%),害怕型44人(占14.4%)。②女性的社会支持的可利用度(t穴293雪=2.60熏P<0.01)熏主观支持(t穴293雪=2.09熏P<0.05)和社会支持总分(t穴293雪=2.74熏P<0.01雪显著高于男性。③不同依恋类型的个体在客观支持、主观支持、支持的可利用度以及社会支持总分、正性体验、负性体验以及主观幸福感问卷总分指标上差异均有显著性意义;安全型依恋的个体的社会支持总分和主观幸福感总分均高于不安全型的个体。④依恋焦虑与负性情绪、负性体验都有着极强的正相关(r=0.425～0.463,P<0.01);与正性情绪、正性体验以及主观幸福感总分也存在负相关(r=-0.431～-0.213,P<0.01)⑤依恋焦虑、主观支持和支持的可利用度可以进入对主观幸福感总分的回归方程(P<0.01)。结论:成人依恋类型和个体的社会支持以及主观幸福感之间存在紧AIM： To explore the relationship of adult attachment with social support and subjective well-being. METHODS： A total of 330 employees from different enterprises in Beijing were recruited as subjects during March 2006 according to cluster random sampling. Relationship questionnaire （RQ） and experience in close relationships （ECR） inventory were used to investigate the adult attachment; RQ consisted of 4 kinds of attachment styles and testees were required to select one style suitable for themselves; ECR included two dimensions of attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. Social support questionnaire comprised of objective support, subjective support and availability of social support. The subjective well-being of the subjects were examined in four aspects of positive and negative attitudes, positive and negative experiences. Statistical methods including analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were adopted to analyze the effect and relationship of adult attachment style to social support and subjective well-being. RESULTS： Totally 330 questionnaires were sent out, and 305 ones were reclaimed, taking up to 92.4%. Among them, 295 valid questionnaires were involved in the analysis of the results, with the effective rate of 89.3%. ① Adult attachment style： secure of 117 subjects （38.4%）, ignored of 80 subjects （26.1%）, contradicted of 54 subjects （17.7%） and scared of 44 subjects （14.4%）. ② The availability of social support, subjective support and scores of social support were significantly higher in females than in males （t（293）=2.60, P 〈 0.01; t（293）=2.09, P 〈 0.05; t（293）=2.74, P 〈 0.01）. ③ Subjects differing in adult attachment styles varied significantly in all indexes of social support and subjective well-being （except for positive and negative attitudes）. Secure subjects got higher scores in social support and subjective well-being then those of unsecured subjects. ④ Attachment anxiety had significantly p

关 键 词：成人 客体依恋 社会支持 幸福 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]