非良溶剂存在下静电纺PVDF和P(VDF-HFP)纤维的可纺性研究  

Study on electrospinning of PVDF and P(VDF-HFP) fibers in presence of poor solvent

作　　者：沈晶晶[1] 韩毓旺[1] 李平[2] 俞斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学理学院,南京210009 [2]南京工业大学化学化工学院,南京210009

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2006年第6期23-26,共4页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚偏氢氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物[P(VDF-HFP)]分别溶解于良溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和非良溶剂丙酮(Act)的混合体系中(DMAc:Act体积比为3:7),用静电纺丝法制备两种超细纤维。考察了在非良溶剂存在的情况下两种溶液浓度和增比粘度(η8p)的依赖关系,测定了两种溶液中的缠结浓度(Ce)。结果表明,PVDF和[P(VDF-HFP)]两种溶液的浓度的对数和8p的对数在一定的浓度范围内存在线性关系,其Ce的质量分数分别为6．8％和4．8％;静电纺纤维经扫描显微镜观察表明,在缠结数评估失效情况下,Ce对两种含非良溶剂的高聚物溶液可纺性也具有半定量的评估作用。两种溶液浓度低于Ce时无法纺出纤维,主要形成聚合物液滴;Ce是电纺出珠状纤维的最小浓度,而纺出均一的无珠纤维溶液浓度为(2-2．5)Ce。Two kinds of superfine fibers were prepared via electrospinning from polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） and polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene （P（VDF-HFP） ） copolymer dissolving in the mixture of good solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） and poor solvent acetone（Act） at the volume ratio of 3 ： 7. The dependence of specific viscosity on the solution concentration was investigated in presence of poor solvent. The entanglement concentrations （ Ce ） of the two solutions were measured. The results showed that the concentrations of PVDF and P（VDF-HFP） solutions had the logarithmic linear relationship with the specific viscosity in a certain range, Ce was 6.8% and 4.8% by mass fraction for these two solutions, respectively, The SEM observation showed that Ce can be used to semiquantitatively evaluate the spinnability of polymer solution containing poor solvent in the case of the invalidation of entanglement number evaluation. No fiber but polymer droplet was formed when the concentrations of the two solutions were lower than Ce, which was the minimum concentration required for the electrospinning of beaded fibers. The solution concentration required for the electrospinning of uniform bead-free fibers was 2 - 2.5 times as high as Ce .

关 键 词：静电纺丝 聚偏氟乙烯 聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物 增比粘度 缠结浓度 非良溶剂 

分 类 号：TQ340.6[化学工程—化纤工业]