扁吻鱼的生物学研究  

Studies on The Biological characteristics of Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day)

作　　者：任波[1] 任慕莲[1] 郭焱 张人铭 马燕武 刘宇[3] 艾则孜[3] 吐尔逊[2] 阿不都[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]新疆水产科学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]阿克苏地区水利局渔政站,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2006年第2期9-22,共14页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

摘　　要：2003～2005年对扁吻鱼的生物学进行调查研究,首次系统地获得第一手的扁吻鱼生物学资料。发现扁吻鱼依靠其上、下颌骨上附生着的特异“拟小齿”(Pseud-denti- cle),捕捉他种鱼类为食；泄殖孔和肛门包藏在“外腔”内,不外露；扁吻鱼的性成熟需6～7年,而扁吻鱼性腺发育的再成熟需两周年以上,绝对怀卵量平均为277 772±128 823粒,相对怀卵量平均为44．6±18．3粒/g；成熟卵为淡黄色,平均卵径为1．46±0．08mm,同步成熟,一次产卵。每年4月下旬至5月上旬正值河水上涨之始,即为扁吻鱼的产卵繁殖期。本扎提河—克孜尔水库中的扁吻鱼捕捞群体由2000年的平均体重2．67kg至2005年平均体重增达7．09kg,个体老龄化,资源严重衰退。并对扁吻鱼的生态环境进行调查。文章最后对扁吻鱼的濒危原因进行深入探讨,以及提出建立扁吻鱼自然保护区势在必行。To study the biological characters of Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day） , we conducted a survey of Asplorhynchus laticeps （Day）in the Xinjiang from 2003～2005. In this paper, we firstly reported the the biological Characters of Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day）in detail. The observation shows that Aspiorhynchus laticeps（Day） get their food depends on their special pseud-denticle which attach to supramaxilla and submaxilla, while the perigastrum to conceal the cloacal aperture and anal orifice. Aspiorhynchus laticeps（Day） reach its sexual maturity at six or seven years old, the time of the next breeding requested for more than two years, the absolute reproduction capacity is 277 772±128 823, the amount of Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day） Cyst per gram is 44. 6±18. 3. The egg case is amber in color while the average egg diameters is 1.46±0. 08mm, and female seems to be able to spawn one in one spawning season. Its breeding season extends from April to May. The mean weight of the catchable group resources of Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day） in MUZATI Rive and KEZiER Reservoir was increased from 2. 67kg to 7, 09kg during 2000-2005, individual ageing is processing and resource deterioration. The reason of Vulnerable Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day） in xinjing was deeply analyzed, We suggest Government should setup a strict protection habitat for Aspiorhynchus laticeps the future.

关 键 词：濒危动物 扁吻鱼 生物学 保护区 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]