缓/控释肥料研究进展  

Research advances in slow/controlled release fertilizers

作　　者：于立芝[1] 李东坡[1] 俞守能[2] 邹积华[2] 马涛[2] 武志杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国农业大学(烟台),烟台264002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2006年第12期1559-1563,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家863计划(2004AA246020);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所知识创新重大资助项目(KZCX1-SW-19)

摘　　要：缓/控释肥料对作物产量的影响因作物种类、肥料种类和试验条件而异,大多数植物增产比较明显,如大豆使用长效尿素,与普通尿素相比增产幅度最高可达33%。各种类型的缓/控释肥料,均可不同程度的提高肥料利用率。缓/控释肥料在农业上的应用能有效地保护生态环境,如抑制土壤NH4+向NO3-氧化,减少土壤NO3-的积累,从而减少氮肥以NO3-形式淋溶损失,减少了施肥对环境的污染;可以减少土壤N2O的释放等。提出了目前缓/控释肥料在农业应用中存在的问题及今后的发展方向。This paper introduced the main kinds of slow/controlled release fertilizers, and summarized the research advances in their action mechanisms and application effects in agriculture, Slow/controlled release fertilizers have positive effects on crop growth and grain yield, can improve the fertilizer N use efficiency to some extent, and protect the environment by inhibiting NH4^＋ oxidizing to NO3^- and reducing the accumulation of NO3^- in soil, which in turn decreases the fertilizer N losses and environmental pollution. The N2O emission from soil can be also mitigated by slow/controlled release fertilizers. The issues and further directions in the applied research of slow/controlled release fertilizers were brought forward.

关 键 词：缓/控释肥料 机理 农业应用 生态环境 使用效果 

分 类 号：S145.6[农业科学—肥料学]