三七连作田根腐病复合症综合治理措施与效果  

Measures of integrated control of root rot complex of continuous cropping Panax notoginseng and their control efficacy

作　　者：马承铸[1] 李世东[2] 顾真荣[1] 陈昱君 周薇[4] 王勇 刘云芝 夏振远[5] 李云华[5] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院植物保护研究所,上海201106 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100081 [3]云南省文山三七研究所,文山650000 [4]云南大学生物资源保护和利用重点实验室,昆明650091 [5]云南省烟草科学研究所,玉溪653100

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2006年第4期63-68,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：云南省院校科技合作攻关项目(2001ZCBOIL);国家科技攻关计划(2001BA701A58-04);上海市科委支援西部地区项目(043158013)资助

摘　　要：以土壤熏蒸剂、枯草芽孢杆菌、选择性杀菌剂复配剂处理种苗和根围土壤为主要方法，对连作田三七根腐病复合症进行了综合治理试验。结果表明：（1）大扫灭（98％含量，30～40g/m^2剂量）、钾-威百（35％含量，40-60g／m^2剂量）和氰氨化钙（60-90g／m^2剂量）对三七连茬病土进行熏蒸处理后，真菌、杂草、细菌和线虫灭生效果达90％-99％，1年生与2年生三七成苗率显著提高，生长季前期3个月内根腐病复合症发病率明显降低，其中大扫灭灭生效果突出。（2）土壤熏蒸后，用G3菌剂（枯草芽孢杆菌）与单杀菌剂农利灵、噻菌灵和扑海因组合播前拌种和移苗前沾根处理，其中以菌剂与农利灵组合最好，噻菌灵和扑海因组合次之。枯草芽孢杆菌G3菌剂（2×10^10／cfu／g用量3kg／100m^2）单独施用，在田间温度低于15℃条件下无明显防效。（3）熏蒸＋G3＋化学杀菌剂复配剂1或2播种前拌种和移栽前沾根处理组合试验防效最好。The experiments of an integrated control of root rot complex of Panax notoginseng in continuous cropping were carried out in Wenshan, Yunnan during 2002-2004 by means of soil fumigation and treatments to seeds, seedlings and their rhizosphere soil with Bacillus subtilis strain G3 dust and fungicide mixture. The results were as follows. 1） Fumigating soil with 30-40 g/m^2 98% Dazomet , 40 - 60 g/m^2 35% K-Vapam or 30- 90 g/m^2 CaCN2 reduced weeds, fungi, bacteria and nematodes by 90% -99% and significantly improved the percentage of establishment of oneand two-year-old P. notoginseng seedlings, and the incidence of loot rot complex significantly decreased in the first three months of growing season. Dazomet had the best effect among the three fumigants. 2） After soil fumigation, for pre-sowing treatment to the seeds and pre-transplanting treatment to the roots, the （33 dust combined with Ronilan WP had a better control efficacy than the G3 dust combined with Thiabendazol WP or Iprodione WP. The control efficacy of applying mixture of G3 and chemical fungicides after soil fumigation was significantly higher than that of an only soil fumigation. Appling only G3 （2×10^10 cfu/g at dose of 3 kg/100 m^2 ） to soil below 15℃ had not an obvious control effect. 3） Soil fumigation ＋ G3 ＋ mixture of chemical fungicides had the best control efficacy in the experiments.

关 键 词：三七 根腐病复合症 土壤连作障碍 土壤熏蒸 毁坏柱孢霉 枯草芽孢杆菌 植病综合防治 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]