麦棉套种共生期不同土壤水分对冬小麦生理特性及产量与品质的影响  

Effects of the different soil moistures on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of winter wheat during the intergrowth stage under the winter wheat and cotton relay intercropping

作　　者：周新国[1] 陈金平[1] 刘安能[1] 黄仲冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,新乡453003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第11期22-26,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50379054);"十五"国家科技攻关项目(2001BA508B02)

摘　　要：冬小麦、棉花套种共生期包括小麦灌浆期和棉花的苗期,这一时期对冬小麦生长及产量和品质形成具有重要意义。该文在3-1式和4-2式两种麦棉套种配置方式条件下,研究了麦棉共生期土壤水分条件对小麦生理特性以及产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明,土壤水分显著影响了小麦的光合蒸腾日变化动态。共生期较高的土壤水分不利于干物质向籽粒的运输和分配,其产量以70%土壤含水率处理最高。较低的土壤水分有利于小麦籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量以及沉降值的提高。3-1式小麦更容易受到土壤水分亏缺的抑制。The intergrowth stage is a key stage of the winter wheat and cotton relay intercropping, which is not only important for the crop growth and yield but also for the quality of winter wheat. The effects of soil moisture on the yield and quality of wheat in the intergrowth were researched with the wheat and cotton relay intercropping in pattern 3.1（three lines winter wheat intercrop one line cotton） and pattern 4：2 （four lines winter wheat intercrop two lines cotton）, The research results reveal that the soil moisture prominently impacts the daily variation kinesis of transpiration rate and the daily net photosynthetic rate of wheat leaves. The highest yield of the winter wheat is produced from the 70% soil moisture. If the soil moisture is higher than 70%, it is helpless for the accumulation and distribution of the dry matters to the seed. Also the lower soil moisture treatment promotes the protein and wet gluten content of the wheat grain. The winter wheat of pattern 3,.1 is easy to be restrained from the deficit of water.

关 键 词：土壤水分 共生期 麦棉套种 小麦产量和品质 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S512.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]