阻燃性酚醛树脂印刷线路板粉碎处理中热解污染的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON PYROLYSIS CONTAMINATION DURING CRUSHING OF FIRE-RETARDANT PHENOLIC-RESIN-BASED PRINTED WIRING BOARDS

作　　者：赵明[1] 李金惠[1] 温雪峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《矿冶》2006年第4期78-83,共6页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA644020)

摘　　要：粉碎处理是机械法回收废印刷线路板的关键工艺，为提高粉碎过程的环境发好性，有必要对阻燃性酚醛树脂印刷线路板在粉碎中可能存在的热解污染进行试验研究。粉碎中局部瞬时温度可高达300℃，对FR-1型印刷线路板进行热重分析以确定这种局部高温是否会引起树脂的热解；并采用裂解-红外联用装置对样品裂解前后固相结构及裂解气相产物组分进行了红外光谱分析。结果发现．阻燃性酚醛树脂基板在250～350℃存在剧烈的热解失重，300℃时因热解质量损失的10％转化为气相产物．产物包括醛、酚、甲酚、溴酚、溴苯、溴甲酚、苯胺、甲醇等物质；因此，阻燃性酚醛树脂印刷线路板在粉碎中将会由于局部树脂热解而释放多种具有恶臭和剧毒性的有机污染物。Crushing is the key process in mechanical treatment of waste printed wiring boards（PWBs）. It is necessary to conduct an experimental research on the potential pyrolysis contamination during crushing for enhancing the environmental performance. The partial temperature in crushing is likely to reach 300℃. Thus, thermogravimetry analysis （TGA） was firstly applied to make sure the resins used in FR- 1 PWBs would thermally decompose at such temperature. Then pyrolysis apparatus coupled with FTIR was utilized to investigate the decomposition mechanism and gaseous products. As a result, FR- 1 sample presented an acute quality loss during 250- 350℃ and the gaseous products could occupy 10 % of the losing quality at 300℃. According to the infrared spectrum of both solid and gas phase, a variety of organic compounds could probably be involved in the pyrolysis products such as aldehyde, phenol, cresol, bromophenol, bromobenzene, bromo-cresol, aniline and methyl alcohol. In conclusion, the partial pyrolysis reaction during crushing could lead to the emission of such gases, most of which were of offensive odor and acute toxicity.

关 键 词：废印刷线路板 粉碎 热解 热重 裂解-红外 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X512