一种声波在固体和液体中传播的显示方法  

A METHOD FOR VISUALIZING SOUND PROPAGA-TION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

作　　者：沈建国[1] 张宏敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学,中国天津300072

出　　处：《地震学报》2006年第6期622-628,共7页Acta Seismologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50479070);天津大学985人才计划;中原油田重大科技攻关项目资助

摘　　要：给出了一种声波在固体和液体中传播过程的显示方法.该方法能够显示声波在二维平面内的动态传播过程.与动态光弹法、施利仑(Schlieren)法等声传播显示方法相比,该方法不仅能够同时显示不同时刻固体、液体中的声场,而且还适应于非透明固体;另外,对样品的残余应力没有要求,制作比较容易;但是,测量的声场是间接的,受接收换能器余震和液体直达波影响.将铝板放在液体里,记录到了在铝板中传播的纵波、横波和面波,在液体中传播的直达波以及3种首波,它们分别与铝板中传播的纵波、横波和面波相耦合,并且直观地显示了铝板与液体界面上所传播声波之间的耦合关系;将有机玻璃放在液体中,记录了有机玻璃中传播的声波及其与液体中所传播声波的耦合关系.A new method for visualizing sound propagation in solids and liquids is described in this paper. The method can show the sound propagation process dynamically in two dimensions. Compared with Schlieren method and dynamic photo-elastic method, this method can not only show the sound field distribution in liquid and solid at different time moments, but also can be applied to non-transparent solid. In addition, it does not strictly require small residual stress of the sample. The sample can, therefore, be easily made. Because the acoustic field is obtained by indirect measurements, the recording can be affected by the after-shock of the receiving sensor and is prone to the influence of the direct wave of the liquid. Putting an aluminum plate into a liquid, we recorded the compression wave, shear wave and surface wave in the aluminum and, in the liquid we also recorded the direct wave and three head waves, which are directly coupled with the compression wave, shear wave and surface wave respectively. The recording clearly depicts the coupling relationship of the sound waves through the interface between the aluminum and the liquid. Putting a plexiglass into a liquid, we also recorded the sound waves in the plexiglass and the coupling relationship between the sound waves in the two mediums,

关 键 词：动态光弹法 施利仑法 声波 显示方法 

分 类 号：O429[理学—声学] P315.3[理学—物理]