聚合物保护贵金属纳米粒子的相转移技术  

Phase-Transfer Technique for Polymer-Protected Noble Metal Nanoparticles

作　　者：冯兴丽[1] 黄明湖[2] 张晓凯[3] 黄绍鑫[1] 潘伟[1] 马厚义[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学化学与化工学院,山东济南250100 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)海洋学院,山东威海264209 [3]山东师范大学理化分析测试中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《电化学》2006年第4期403-407,共5页Journal of Electrochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20573068);山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(02BS053)资助

摘　　要：依据聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)在水中的溶解度随温度升高而降低的特性,建立了将PVP保护的金、银、铂纳米粒子从水相转移到油相的简单而有效的相转移技术.方法是利用电化学还原法先于水溶液中制备粒度均匀的金属纳米粒子,然后向电化学合成后的金属纳米水溶胶中加入适量正丁醇,在搅拌条件下升温至80℃即可使金属纳米粒子从水相转移至有机相.纳米粒子的相转移效率很高,而且相转移后粒子在油相中分散很好,没有团聚现象发生.在此基础上进一步建立在油水混合体系电化学合成金属纳米粒子的实验方法,为收集纳米粒子和制备纳米粒子薄膜提供了新的有效途径.A novel phase-transfer method was developed based on the decrease of PVP＇ s solubility in water with increasing temperature, by means of which PVP-protected gold, silver and platinum nanoparticles can be conveniently transferred from aqueous phase to 1-butanol phase. Monodispersed metal nanoparticles were electrochemically synthesized at first in the aqueous, and then 1-butanol of appropriate volume was added to the aqueous phase. Heating the oil-water mixture to 80℃ under vigorous stirring would make metal nanoparticles leave the aqueous phase and enter into the 1-butanol phase, with high phase-transfer efficiency and without aggregation between nanoparticles. An electrochemical method to synthesize metal nanoparticles in the oil-water mixtures was further established, which provides a new path for collection of nanoparticles and preparation of metal nanofilms.

关 键 词：纳米粒子 相转移 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP) 电化学合成 油/水界面 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]