北京市1646例突发事件患者的特点分析及现场分流处理  

The characteristics of 1646 accident cases in Beijing and on-site triage and management of casualties

作　　者：樊琨[1] 王雪里红 吴贵苹[1] 孙卫莉[1] 于岚[2] 王洪源[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市急救中心,北京100031 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院统计教研室

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2006年第12期1067-1070,共4页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会科研基金资助(D0905002000011)

摘　　要：目的从突发事件中找出特点和趋势,从现场分流和处理的角度为提高应急反应能力和医疗救援水平提供依据。方法对北京急救中心2000-2005年参与救援的突发事件进行回顾性调查,将其中发生成批伤病(3人以上伤亡的事件即定为成批伤病)的1646份急救病历,进行统计分析。结果北京市发生成批伤病呈逐年上升趋势,伤亡人数也由2000年的641人增加到2005年的1201人。外伤事件有增加的趋势,CO中毒呈下降的趋势,6年中所有事件类型中,交通伤所占的比例最多。虽然伤亡人数逐年增加,但死亡所占比例却呈下降趋势(X^2=128．67,P＜0．01)。伤亡人中男性所占比例有上升趋势(X^2=30．11,P＜0．01)。伤亡人中18～40岁者占73．3%。在不同季节中,除冬季为CO中毒高发季节外,春夏秋三个季节中均为交通伤所占比例最高。平均反应时间(从呼叫受理至急救车到达事发现场的时间)由2000年的15．6 min缩短到2005年的12．2 min。结论北京市突发事件最显著的特点是逐年增多,平均反应时间的逐渐缩短,虽然受伤人数明显增加,但死亡人数却没有明显增加,导致死亡所占比例呈下降趋势。Objective To find out the characteristics and trend of accidents and to offer a suggestion of establishing Beijing emergency medical rescue system with promptly responsive function and capabilities in order to improve the efficiency of on-site triage and management of casualties. Methods Based on the database and information of Beijiag Emergency Medical Center, accidents occurred from Jan 2000 to Sept 2005 in Beijing were reviewed. Each batch of casualties referred to 3 or more individuals subjected to the accident together. Cases of 1646 from the database were analyzed statistically. Results The incidence of batch of casualties tended to increase in Beijing. The absolute number of killed and injured cases also increased from 641 ones in 2000 to 1201 in 2005. The trauma incidents had the trend to increase, whereas the occurrence of CO poisoning decreased. The traffic accidents accounted for very high proportion. The absolute number of killed and injured was increasing year after year, but the death-rate showed downward trend （2 = 128.67, P 〈 0.01 ）. The killed and injured victims were predominantly male （2 = 30.11, P 〈 0.01）. Among the killed and injured victims, those aged 18-40 brought about 73.3 % . In winter, the carbon monoxide poisoning became the leading cause of accident . On the contrary, the traffic accidents steadily held the largest proportion in other three seasons. The average response time of the rescue action （i.e. the time from receiving call to the arrival of ambulance at the scene of accident） was shortened from 15.6 minutes in 2000 to 12.2 minutes in 2005. Conclusion In Beijing, along with civic development, the data revealed an increasing tendency towards the occurrence of accidents. In order to deal with this situation, the number of first aid stations were steadily increased and the average response time of rescue action was shortened. Therefore, during these years, the number of accidents and victims increased remarkably, but the number of death and mortality did not increa

关 键 词：突发事件 现场分流 处理 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]