五味子属14种植物的数量分类学研究  

Numerical Taxonomy of 14 Species in Genus Schisandra

作　　者：胡剑峰[1] 张铮[2] 史刚荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市绿化施工养护管理处,安徽合肥230000 [2]淮北煤炭师范学院生物系,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《淮北煤炭师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2006年第4期36-41,共6页Journal of Huaibei Coal Industry Teachers College(Natural Science edition)

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2003kj189)

摘　　要：在野外居群观察和文献资料收集的基础上,对五味子属的14种植物的39个分类性状进行了Q型聚类分析和主成分分析.聚类分析结果表明,14种五味子属植物可分为三类:第一类包括团蕊五味子和重瓣五味子——团蕊五味子群和重瓣五味子群的代表类群;第二类为大花五味子和红花五味子——大花五味子群的两个代表类群;第三类包括其它所有类群,该类又可分为三组:(1)五味子——五味子群的代表类群;(2)二色五味子——少蕊五味子群的代表类群;(3)中华五味子群的8个类群.基于聚类分析结果,提出了包括3亚属(即多蕊五味子亚属、五味子亚属和团蕊五味子亚属)和3组(即中华五味子组、五味子组和少蕊五味子组)的新分类系统.聚类分析结果不支持将华中五味子、滇藏五味子、绿叶五味子、小花五味子等归并为东亚五味子的处理.主成分分析表明,落叶习性、下表皮角质条纹、花托膨大否、花单生否、上表皮有无气孔器、花托伸长否、雄蕊数、花药开裂方式、上表皮细胞形状、上表皮垂周壁式样、花粉萌发沟等性状的分类学价值较大,可作为分类的主要依据,并据此编制了分种检索表.Based on the observation of natural populations and the data collected from references, Q cluster analysis and principle component analysis for 39 characters of 14 species in the Genus Schisandra have been conducted. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 14 species could be divided＇into three groups, the first one include S. propinqua sttbsp, sinensis and S. plena, the two representative species of propinqua group and plena group, the second consist S. grandiflora and S. rubriflora, the two representative species of the grandiflora group, the third group include all the rest species which could be further divided into three sections： （1） S. bicolor, a representative species of Maximowiczia group; （2）S. chinensis, a representative species of Schisandra group; （3） the 8 representative species of sphenanthera group. On the basis of this, a new taxonomical system including three Subgenus （subg. Pleiostema, subg. Schisandra and subg. Sphaerostema）, three Sections （sect. Sinoschisandra, sect. Schisandra and sect. Maxomowiczia） have been established. The results of cluster analysis didn＇t support the opinion that S. sphenanthera, S. neglecta, S. viridis, S. micrantha, etc. should be combined into S. elongata （BI.） Baill. The principle component analysis revealed that the characters such as defoliation habits, cuticular striate on lower epidermis, receptacle inflate or not, flowers solitary or not, having stomata in upper epidermis or not, receptacle elongate or not, stamen number, exposure of anther dehiscence, shape of cells in upper epidermis, pattern of anticlinal walls in upper epidermis, colpi number of pollen grains, etc., all have important value taxonomically and should be used in classification of Genus Schisandra, according to these characters, a key to species was provided.

关 键 词：五味子属 分类性状 Q型聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q949.72[生物学—植物学]