中山地区1837名小学儿童睡眠障碍调查及其相关因素分析  

Survey of sleep disturbances and its related factors in 1 837 cases of children aged 6 to 12 years in Zhongshan city.

作　　者：黄东明[1] 施玉麒[1] 阮健[1] 何淑华[1] 李德乐[1] 邓成[1] 曾冠[1] 高建慧[1] 付四毛[1] 肖晓雄[1] 杨孜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属中山博爱医院儿科,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2006年第6期571-573,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：中山市卫生局医学科研立项课题(2005082)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨中山市某小学6～12岁学龄儿童睡眠障碍的发生情况及其相关因素。【方法】2005年11月-2006年2月，中山市城区某小学全部学生共2012名6～12岁学龄儿童为研究对象，对其进行儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查。【结果】发出调查问卷2012份，符合条件问卷1837份，其中男童984名，女童853名。本组儿童睡眠障碍总发生率为21．9％，其中男、女童分别为24．6％和18．9％，两者差异有非常显著性（x^2=8.726，P〈0．01）;在各种睡眠障碍症状中，男童打鼾和磨牙的发生率显著高于女童（x^2=9．188、11．161，P均〈0．01）。多元逐步回归分析结果表明：父亲存在睡眠障碍、儿童从上床准备睡觉到睡着超过0．5h、儿童的性别是男孩，儿童醒后马上去照顾他（她）、母亲孕期睡眠状况不好、儿童不可以一觉睡天亮、母亲情绪较焦虑或抑郁等7个变量是儿童发生睡眠障碍的主要影响因素（r=0．161，F=10．922，P=0．000）。【结论】本组学龄儿童睡眠障碍发生率较高，其中男童尤为严重，应加强对儿童睡眠障碍的防治工作。[Objective] To find out the prevalence of sleep disturbances and its related factors in children aged 6 to 12 year-old in Zhongshan city. [Methods] From November of 2005 to February of 2006, 2 012 children in one school, aged 6 to 12 years, were investigated with questionnaire for children＇s social environment and sleep condition. [Results] Actually 1 837 children（984 boys, 853 girls）were investigated. The prevalence of sleep disturbances was 21.9%, while boys were 24.6%, and girls were 18. 9%. There was significantly difference between them（x^2= 8. 726, P〈0.01 ）. The rates of sleep snoring and teeth grinding in boys were significantly higher than that in girls. Children＇ s sleep disturbances were affected mainly by 7 main factors： father has sleep disturbances, child can not fall asleep within half hour after goes to bed and prepares for sleeping, boy to care for children as soon as him（her） wakes at night, the mother＇s sleeping status was bad when she was pregnant, the children can＇t sleep all the night, mother is anxiety or despression（r=0.161,F=10. 922,P=0. 000）. [Conclusions] At present, it is under high prevalence of sleep disturbances in children aged 8 to 12 years in Zhongshan city, especially in boys. Sleep disturbanees in children should be to prevent and cured.

关 键 词：睡眠障碍 患病率 影响因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]