超稠原油延迟焦化产生弹丸焦的原因及对策  

AVOIDING SHOT COKE IN EXTRA-HEAVY CRUDE DELAYED COKING UNIT

作　　者：张峰[1] 陈春茂[2] 余昌信[1] 吴亮[1] 叶明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司辽河石化分公司,辽宁省盘锦市124022 [2]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室,北京市102249

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2006年第12期11-13,共3页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：针对辽河石化分公司延迟焦化装置在加工辽河超稠原油时经常生成弹丸焦的问题,技术人员研究发现弹丸焦生成的主要因素是原料性质及其组成,而采用较低的反应温度、较高的反应压力、较低的循环比,以及超稠原油在焦化分馏塔适当分出一部分轻馏分后再去焦炭塔等措施．可以抑制弹丸焦的生成。通过摸索,装置运行参数确定为:焦炭塔内气速小于0．15 m／s,反应温度498-502℃,反应压力0．17-0．25 MPa,循环比0．5-0．6,分馏塔底温度为355-365℃。6个月的连续运行结果表明,上述工艺改进有效避免了弹丸焦的生成。The delayed coking unit of PetroChina Liaohe Petrochemical Company frequently experienced the formation of shot coke when the high viscous crude is processed. The study confirmed that the feedstock properties and compositions were the major contributing factors for shot coke formation. The shot coke formation could be inhibited by optimizing process parameters like adoption of lower reaction temperature, higher reaction pressure and moderate recycle ratio and separating light fraction from crude in eoker fractionator before going to the coker drum. When the coker was operated at a gas velocity of 0.15 m/s, a reaction temperature of 498 - 502℃, a reaction pressure of 0.17 -0.25 MPa and recycle ratio ofO. 5 -0.6 and a fraetionator bottom temperature of 355 - 365 ℃ for 6 months, no shot coke formation has been observed.

关 键 词：延迟焦化 原料 超稠原油 弹丸焦 操作条件 

分 类 号：TE624.32[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]