曼尼西碱无灰分散剂的合成及其在燃料中的应用  

SYNTHESIS AND APPLYCATION OF MANNICH BASE ASHLESS DISPERSANTS

作　　者：蔺建民[1] 朱同荣[1] 林滨[1] 黄燕民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2006年第6期56-62,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

摘　　要：通过两步合成法制备了曼尼西碱无灰分散剂。首先用高活性聚异丁烯(PIB)与苯酚在Lewis酸催化下进行烷基化反应生成聚异丁烯基酚,然后用聚异丁烯基酚、甲醛和多烯多胺合成曼尼西碱无灰分散剂。以合成的曼尼西碱无灰分散剂作为主剂的汽油清净剂在492QA2汽油机上的台架试验证明,使用该曼尼西碱无灰分散剂可降低CO排放20.4%,降低HC排放31.5%;在PFI燃料喷嘴模拟试验机上的评价结果证明,使用该剂可大大降低燃油喷嘴堵塞率。合成的曼尼西碱无灰分散剂可作为柴油多效添加剂的组分,用含酚基有机酸对其改性可得到性能优良的柴油稳定剂;用脂肪酸改性可得到柴油抗磨、分散添加剂;以其作为主剂的柴油消烟剂可减少柴油发动机燃烧时产生的黑烟。Mannich base ashless dispersants were synthesized by the following two steps, the reaction of high active polyisobutylene （PIB） with phenol in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to form alkylphenols, then the reaction of alkylphenols with formaldehyde and polyalkenepolyamines to obtain Mannich bases. Gasoline detergent package containing the synthesized Mannich base can decrease CO emission of 20. 4% and HC emission of 31. 5% respectively in a gasoline engine bench test, and greatly improve the electronic port fuel injector fouling in the simulation test of PFI fuel injector. Diesel fuel multi-functional additives containing modified Mannich base can be used as diesel stabilizers, lubricity additives as well as smoke suppression additives.

关 键 词：曼尼西碱 无灰分散剂 合成 燃料 应用 

分 类 号：TE624.8[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]