有机气溶胶的来源与形成研究现状  

Research progress in source and formation of organic aerosol

作　　者：谢绍东[1] 于淼[1] 姜明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学系,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2006年第12期1933-1939,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2002CB211603)~~

摘　　要：介绍了有机气溶胶来源与形成的研究现状,从有机气溶胶的化学组成特征、一次有机气溶胶的来源和二次有机气溶胶的形成机制论述其研究进展.一次有机气溶胶主要来源于烹调油烟、机动车排放、生物质燃烧、工业或民用燃油锅炉释放出的有机物,还有道路扬尘、沥青、刹车尘、轮胎屑、室外香烟烟雾、以及高等植物蜡、细菌活动和草本植物等.大气中的半挥发性有机物可通过物理和化学吸附形成二次有机气溶胶,一些挥发性有机物可通过气相化学反应转化为低挥发性的物质并形成二次有机气溶胶,其主要前体物是芳香族化合物,如苯、甲苯、二甲苯,以及烯烃、烷烃、环烷烃、萜烯和生物排放的非饱和氧化物.Research progress in source and formation of organic aerosol is presented from chemical compositions of organic aerosol, sources of primary aerosol and formation of the secondary organic aerosol Primary aerosols are mainty emitted from cooking, vehicles, biomass burning, industry or civil organic emission of oil burning boiler, and also road dust, asphaltum, brake dust, wheel crumbs, outdoor cigarette smoke, altitude plant wax, bacteria activity and herbal plants. Semivolatile organic compounds （SVOCs） in the atmosphere can be transformed into secondary organic aerosols by physical and chemical adsorption. Some volatile organic compounds can be transformed into low volatile organic compounds by gaseous chemical reactions, and then formed secondary organic aerosols. The main precursors mentioned above are PAHs, as benzene, toluene, xylene, and alkenes, alkanes, naphthenes, terpenes and unsaturated oxides emitted by biomass.

关 键 词：二次有机气溶胶 挥发性有机物 半挥发性有机物 颗粒物 有机碳 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]