深圳市近岸海域水体和沉积物环境质量评价  

Environmental quality assessment of water body and sediment in coast in Shenzhen City

作　　者：黄奕龙[1] 王仰麟[1] 张利萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院数字城市与景观生态研究中心

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2006年第4期28-32,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471002)

摘　　要：采用多种方法定量评价了深圳市近岸海域水体和沉积物的环境质量,并分析了其影响因素。研究结果表明:(1)深圳市近海水体主要受到沿岸陆源污染和海上交通污染的影响,主要超标物为无机氮(TIN)和PO4-P。(2)由于污染源空间分布的差异,西部海域水体污染较为严重,为IV级水质;而东部海域的污染较轻(除小梅沙湾口外),其水质大多达到I类标准。(3)东部海域水质富营养化程度小于西部海域.东部海域水体大多为贫营养水体;西部海域所有监测点的水体都是过营养水体,且TIN(>PO4-P)为主要的限制性因子。(4)深圳市近海沉积物受到一定程度的污染,但总体尚好,大多能达到II级标准。除了有机污染物外,沉积物还受到重金属污染。沙头角湾口以Hg和Cd污染的潜在生态危害系数较大,而其他海域以Hg污染的潜在风险系数较大;沉积物重金属污染的潜在生态危害指数只有沙头角湾口和固戍近海在2002年达到强的程度,其他监测点较轻微。The quality and influence factors for water body and sediment were assessed in the coast in Shenzhen City. The results showed that （1） the major pollution resources were from the land and water-heine transportation pollution in the coast of Shanzhen City, and the major pollution factors were TIN and PO4-P; （2） The pollntion in the western coast was serious and the water quadity was class Ⅳ. The pollution in the eastern coast was slight and the water qual/ty was class 1. （3） The nutrient in the eastern coast was low （expect Xiaomeisha）, in which it was lower than in the western coasts. The western coast was the eutrophication water body, and the major influence factor was TIN （ 〉 PO4-P）. （4） The all sediment in the coasts in Shenzhen was polluted by the heavy metals and organically. Generally, the pollution was slight, and the quality was class Ⅱ. The potential ecological danger coefficient for Hg and Cd was high in the Shatoujiao coast. The other coast has high potential ecological coefficient for Hg. The potential ecological danger index reached strong degree in the Shatoujiao and Gushu coast in 2002, and the others were slight.

关 键 词：近岸海域 水体 沉积物 质量评价 富营养化 潜在生态危害 

分 类 号：X83[环境科学与工程—环境工程]