早产儿85例成长至学龄期的体智力发育  

The case study of the mental and physical development of 85 school-aged premature infants

作　　者：刘瑞霞[1] 陈秀香[1] 于文红[1] 齐平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院儿科,300211

出　　处：《中国新生儿科杂志》2006年第6期340-342,共3页Chinese Journal of Neonatology

摘　　要：目的 了解早产儿成长至学龄期的体智力发育。方法 联系曾住我院NICU的早产儿．胎龄≤35周或体重≤2000g现已成长至学龄期，自愿参与测查85例，进行智商测定，记录学习成绩，测量身高、体重。将胎龄、体重分别分组进行比较，并将早产组与正常组进行比较，同时整理早期临床资料用多元回归分析寻找母婴疾病对婴儿远期体智力发育的影响。结果 本组早产儿平均胎龄（32．8±1．7）周，平均出生体重（1793±357）g，平均测查年龄（9．74±1.86）岁，正常同龄对照组209例。早产组胎龄体重不同，成长至学龄期的智商（IQ）及学习成绩组间差异无统计学意义。早产组与正常对照组的学习成绩比较，其中英文、数学较差，t值分别为（5．623）及（4．761），P〈0．001。早产组胎龄体重不同其组间及与对照组8—9岁同龄儿比较，体重及身高差异无统计学意义。除妊高征外，早产儿生后窒息、肺炎、败血症等疾病对成长至学龄期儿童的体智力发育无显著影响。结论 本组早产儿以32～34周及1500-2000g为主，成长至学龄期的IQ值及体重身高在正常范围，部分学习成绩较足月正常儿稍差。Objective To survey the mental and physical development of school aged children who were premature infants in the early years of 1990s. Methods 85 School-aged children who were born in early of the nineties hospitalized in NICU, the gestational age ≤ 35wks , and/or birth weight ≤ 2 000 g were involved. The mental outcome was determined by IQ measurement and educational status depended on the scoring of school results. Meanwhile measuring the body weight and hight. According to gestational age and birth weight the cases were divided into three groups respectively. The outcomes compard with above groups and between the preterm and normal full term groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to search the risk factors of neonatal and maternal diseases whether if it affected the outcome. Results In preterm group, the mean gestational age is（32.8 ± 1.7）wks; the mean birth weight is（ 1793±357）g; The mean school age is（9.74 ±1.86）yrs. The control group is composed of 209 normal children. （1）There were no difference on IQ and school results among three divided gestational age and birth weight. （2）The school results of preterm group are inferior compared with normal control group, especially in English and Math （ t = 5. 623, t = 4. 761 respectively. P 〈 0. 001 ）. （3） There were no statistic meaning to discuss the difference of body weight and height at the 8 -9 yrs of age between preterm and control groups, （4）To except PIH, the infants diseases of asphyxia, pneumonia, sepsis etc were no significant affected on mental and physical development of school -aged premature infants. Conclusions The majority of 85 preterm infants were distributed in the range of the gestational age of 32 - 34 wks and birth weight in 1 500 - 2 000 g. Their IQ level and growth can catch up to the normal children at school age. The school results of part of preterm group are inferior compared with the normal control children.

关 键 词：婴儿 早产 儿童 学龄前 智力 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]