松树分子标记辅助育种研究进展  

Progress on the Research of Marker-aided Breeding of Pinus spp.

作　　者：黄少伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2006年第6期799-806,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(C20303;2003C201015);国家"十五"科技攻关子课题(2002BA515B0103)

摘　　要：松树是世界上森林生态系统和人工林的重要树种,松树的遗传改良开展早,进展快,成效大。分子标记技术为缩短育种周期,提高育种效率提供了有力的工具。本文回顾了世界上松树分子标记遗传图谱构建、比较遗传作图、数量性状位点定位和标记辅助选择的研究进展。已经构建遗传连锁图的林木有13个属,近40个树种,其中松树占40%,而大多数松树遗传图谱仍然是不完整的,不能覆盖全基因组;比较遗传作图显示松属树种具有高度的遗传保守性;数量性状位点(QTL)定位表明,大多数性状的遗传基础存在着主效基因,为开展分子标记辅助选择提供了良好的基础。杂种松部分重要性状的遗传控制中存在着树种效应,对标记辅助选择和育种策略的制订具有指导意义。Pinus spp. are the important species in forest ecosystems and plantations in the world. Genetic improvement of pines started early. Great progress has been made and marked success has been achieved. Molecular marker techniques provided powerful tools to shorten the period and raise the efficiency in tree breeding. The worldwide progress on construction of molecular marker linkage map, comparative mapping, quantitative trait locus （QTL） mapping and marker-aided selection （MAS） in Pinus spp. was reviewed. Genetic linkage maps have been constructed for nearly 40 species of forest trees from 13 genera, in which pine species accounted for 40%. Most of the linkage maps in pines are still incomplete, unable to cover the whole genomes. High level of genetic conservative in pine species has been revealed with comparative mapping, Existence of main effect genes revealed by QTL mapping for most of the economically important traits provided a good basis for MAS. For genetic control of part of the important traits in hybrid pines, ＂species effect＂ was found. Implication of ＂species effect＇to MAS and the formulation of breeding strategy was also discussed.

关 键 词：松树 遗传图谱 比较遗传作图 QTL定位 分子标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S722.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种]