泥鳅的性腺分化及温度对性腺分化的影响  

Gonad differentiation in loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) and the temperature effects

作　　者：陈玉红[1] 林丹军[1] 尤永隆[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第1期74-82,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(B0310006)

摘　　要：通过组织学方法观察泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）原始生殖细胞（PGCs）的迁移、生殖嵴的生成和性腺分化，并且研究了不同温度下性腺分化的差异。结果表明：1日龄仔鱼PGCs位于消化管上方的脏壁中胚层中；5日龄时PGCs迁移到背部的腹膜上皮上；10日龄时生殖嵴生成；20日龄时PGCs迁入生殖嵴，形成原始性腺；25日龄时原始性腺开始向卵巢分化；30日龄时原始性腺向精巢分化。46日龄时，双侧卵巢已经合并成1个卵巢。仔鱼孵化后的25～30d为性腺分化的关键时期。在自然水温（23-25）℃和较低水温（22±1．0）℃中培育的幼鱼，雄性率分别为（51．1±1．5）％和（48．6±1．8）％，而培育于较高水温[（27±1．0）℃，（32±1．0）℃]中的泥鳅，雄性率分别达到了（82．0±3．4）％和（90．0±2．5）％，有些个体出现了雌雄同体的现象。研究表明，温度影响泥鳅的性腺分化，高温会诱导产生雄性。Sex determination of fish was controlled by both genetic basis and environmental factors. Temperature was one of the important environmental factors. In some fish, such as Oreochromis niloticus, male ratio would increase if larvae were cultivated under higher water temperature. If larvae were cultivated under lower water temperature, female ratio would increase. Nevertheless, in other fish, such as Dicentrarchus labrax and Ictalurus punctatus, higher water temperature would induce higher female ratio and lower temperatue would induce more male individuals. In some fish, such as Paralichthys olivaceus, both high and low water temperatures would induce male individuals. Temperature would influence androgen and estrogen production in the fish. And then androgen and estrogen affected the sex differentiation. Androgen and estrogen level was controlled by aromatase（P450）. High or low temperature would influence aromotase gene expression,and thereby affected sex differentiation. There were few reports about gonad differentiation in the teleost, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. In this paper migration of primordial germ cells（PGCs）, formation of genital ridge and the gonad differentiation of M. anguillicaudatus were studied by histological method, and the effects of different temperatures on gonad differentiation were also studied. The results showed that on day 1, PGCs were in the splanchnic mesoderm above the gut. On day 5, PGCs migrated to the dorsal peritoneal epithelium. Genital ridges formed on day 10, and PGCs went into the genital ridges and formed primordial gonads on day 20. The primordial gonads differentiated into ovaries and testes from day 25 and day 30, respectively. In the females the two overies merged into a single one on day 46. The period from day 25 to day 30 was critical for gronad differentiation. Under natural water temperature（23 - 25 ℃ ） and lower water temperature（22 ± 1.0）℃, the male ratio of larvae was （48.6 ± 1.8） % and （51.1 ± 1.5） % respectively. Under higher wate

关 键 词：泥鳅 温度 性腺分化 雄性率 

分 类 号：Q959.478[生物学—动物学]