不同盐度驯化模式对施氏鲟生长及摄食的影响  

Effects of different saltwater acclimation on growth and feeding of Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii

作　　者：赵峰[1] 庄平[1] 章龙珍[1] 马境[1] 黄晓荣[1] 张涛[1] 冯广朋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2006年第6期945-950,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2004AA603110);国家自然科学基金重大项目(30490234);上海市教育委员会E-研究院建设项目(E03009);国家"十五"重点科技攻关计划专题(2004BA526B0114);农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室课题(开-1-04-08)

摘　　要：采用逐步增盐法(IG)、阶段增盐法(IT)及盐度突变法(IS)3种不同的驯化模式对施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii)进行盐度驯化,对3种模式下的特定生长率(SGR)、生长效率(GE)、摄食率(FR)及食物转化率(FCR)进行统计,并与对照组(CT)进行比较分析。结果表明,驯化方法对于施氏鲟的成活率具有较大影响,3种不同驯化模式下的成活率由高到低依次是IT(100%)、IS(93.33%)、IG(85%),各盐度驯化组死亡个体规格均较小。盐度对于施氏鲟的生长具有一定的抑制作用,盐度驯化各组在SGR、GE方面均低于对照组,IS组和IG组SGR与CT组无显著性差异(P>0.05),IT组显著(P>0.05)低于CT组。IGI、S、IT组与CT组相比,摄食率有所下降,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。IG、IT、IS各组FCR均低于对照组,但对照组FCR与IGI、S组没有显著差异,与IT组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论认为,尽管盐度对于施氏鲟的生长具有一定的影响,但是通过IG及IS方法的驯化。Amur sturgeon（Acipenser schrenckii ）, originally distributed in the Heilongjiang River, is an promising culture species in China because of its fast growth and fine adaptation under different culture conditions. Most sturgeons are anadromous, and have good osmoregulatary capability. It is of significance in theory and practice for enriching seawater net-cage culture species and increasing culture profit to screen and acclimate Amur sturgeon to culture in seawater or brackish water condition. But no substantial information is available on growth and feeding of Amur sturgeon in seawater condition. In the present study, Amur stur- geons were acclimated to seawater through 3 different methods, which are： Ⅰ Increased Gradually（IG）, increase salinity every day with 1 salinity unit increment until salinity 25, then culture 30 d in salinity 25; Ⅱ Increased Termly（IT）, increase salinity every phase（1 phase includes 5 d） with 5 salinityunit increment until salinity 25, then culture 30 d at salinity 25; Ⅲ Increased Suddenly（IS）, directly culture in salinity 10 for 10 d, and then transfer into salinity 20 for another 10 d, finally culture in salinity 25 for 30 d. The Specific Growth Rate（SGR）, Growth Efficiency （GE）, Feeding Rate （FR）, and Food Conversion Ration （FCR） were statistically analyzed and compared to the control group. The results showed that the acclimation methods affected the survival rate. The survival rate was 100 % in IT group, 93.33 96 in IS group, 85 % in IG group, respectively. The results showed the dead ones were always small. It mainly attributed to its ma- ture event. And another reason was that the small ones, with more ratio of relative surface to volume than big ones, increased its energy costs. Under certain salinity, sturgeon＇ s size was positively related to its tolerance to salinity. Salinity clearly influenced Amur sturgeon＇ s growth in this experiment. SGR and GE of groups IG and IS were lower than those of group CT,but not significantly differe

关 键 词：施氏鲟 海水驯化 特定生长率 生长效率 食物转化率 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]