自由曲面结构形态创构方法——高度调整法的建立与其在工程设计中的应用  

A morphosis technique for curved-surface structures of arbitrary geometries——Height adjusting method and its engineering applications

作　　者：崔昌禹 严慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]日本佐佐木睦朗结构设计研究所,名古屋4680021 [2]浙江大学,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2006年第12期1-6,共6页China Civil Engineering Journal

摘　　要：曲面结构(如壳体)的受力性能主要取决于结构的曲面形状。在实际工程中,常规的简单曲面一般较难有效满足结构的受力合理性。利用曲面高度参数与结构应变能之间的关系,提出了一种自由曲面创构方法来保证结构达到“薄”而“刚”的统一。该方法基于有限元法,通过计算应变能对曲面高度的微分,并根据应变能变化的敏感程度对曲面高度进行调整,最终得到一个结构应变能最小的合理结构形态。利用该方法,可以通过调整设计参数(约束条件,空间条件)得到多种合理曲面形态,供设计人员参考。同时,也可以对建筑意图所设定的初始形状进行修改,求得近似合理的结构几何形状。工程设计实例表明,该方法所得到的曲面结构基本以薄膜应力为主,而且能保证足够的刚度。The structural behavior of curved-surface structures, typically of shells, generally depends on the surface shapes. In engineering, conventional simple curved surfaces would be difficult to coincide with structural rationality. Based on the relationship between the height parameters of structural surface and the total structural strain energy, a morphosis method is developed to construct the arbitrary geometry of curved-surface structures with less thickness but better stiffness. The finite element approach is employed to calculate the differential of total structural strain energy corresponding to surface height parameters. The surface height is adjusted iteratively according to its sensitivity to total structural strain energy. A rational structural surface can thus be found when the total structural strain energy reaches minimum. With this method, different structural surfaces can be obtained by adjusting design parameters such as constraint or space conditions, for designer＇s reference. This method can be also applied to modify the architectural original form to solve for an approximately reasonable structural geometry. A design application reveals that the arbitrary surface constructed by using this method can not only keep the structure in a general membrane-stress state but with sufficient rigidity.

关 键 词：形态优化 结构优化 非线性方法 壳体结构 

分 类 号：TU33[建筑科学—结构工程] TU311