基于遗传算法的刀具路径优化排布方法  

Approach optimizing tool paths arrangement based on genetic algorithm

作　　者：俞武嘉[1] 傅建中[1] 陈子辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学现代制造工程研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2006年第12期2117-2121,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2002AA421150)

摘　　要：为缩短数控(NC)加工时间和提高加工效率,提出了一种新的基于遗传算法的刀具路径优化排布方法.该方法以加工代码分析为基础,将刀具路径分解为一系列切削路径组和对应的辅助运动路径,根据加工类型将切削路径细分为开放式切削路径和封闭式切削路径.构造了一种新的分段染色体模型,将染色体分为主节和附加节,用不同的编码方法对开放式切削路径和封闭式切削路径进行编码表示.采用改进的遗传算法,对分组后的切削刀具路径进行优化运算,得到了刀具路径排布的近似最优解.实验结果表明,该方法具有良好的优化效果,可以明显缩短辅助运动路径的总长度,减少加工时间.To reduce the process time and improve the efficiency of numerical control （NC） machining, a new approach of tool paths arrange optimization for NC machining based on genetic algorithm was presented. Basing on the analysis of NC program, the tool paths were classified as a series of cutting paths and corresponding auxiliary movement paths in the approach, and the cutting paths were sorted into open cutting paths and close cutting paths by different machining types. A new sectional chromosome model containing a body section and a tail section was constructed, and the coding forms of open and close tool paths were described by different coding methods. Improved genetic algorithm was used for optimal computation of cutting paths, and an approximate optimal solution was achieved for tool paths arrangement. The experimental results show that the approach is effective for tool paths arrangement problem. The approach can shorten the total length of auxiliary movement paths and reduce the process time of machining.

关 键 词：刀具路径优化 遗传算法 数控加工 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]