中国内地水库淤积的差异性分析  

Differences in reservoir sedimentation in Inland China

作　　者：田海涛[1] 张振克[1] 李彦明[1] 孟红明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2006年第6期28-33,共6页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471128);科技部"973"项目(2002CB412400)

摘　　要：为了解水库的淤积现状,根据115座具有代表性的中国内地水库淤积资料,对这些水库按类型和区域进行统计分析,结果表明,中小型水库比大型水库淤积严重,不同流域水库淤积的空间差异明显,黄河中下游地区水库淤积比例最大,西南地区水库年均淤积率最大。截止到2003年,根据代表性水库淤积的计算结果推算出中国内地水库的平均淤积比例约为20%,库容年均淤积率为0.76%,相当于每年损失1座库容近42.3亿m3的超大型水库。Based on the data of scdimention of 115 representative reservoirs in Inland China, a statistical analysis is made on reservoir sedimentation of different types in different regions. The result shows that the sedimentation in small- and medium-scale reservoirs is more serious than that in large-scale reservoirs, that there are obvious spatial differences in reservoir sedimentation in different river basins, that the loss of reservoir storage capacity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is the largest, and that the average annual rote of reservoir sedimentation in southwest China is the highest. According to the calculated result of sedimentation from data of the representative reservoirs by the end of 2003, it is derived that the average sedimentation ratio of reservoirs in Inland China is about 20%, and the average annual loss of reservoir storage capacity reaches 0.76%. The amount of annual sedimentation almost equals to the capacity of a super-sized reservoir with the volume of 42.3 ×10^8 m^3.

关 键 词：水库淤积 区域差异 年均淤积率 中国内地 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]