基于GPS和GIS的变量施水控制系统设计  

Design of Variable Rate Control System of Water Application Based on GPS and GIS

作　　者：杨青[1] 庞树杰[2] 李勇军[1] 杨术明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院 [2]中国农业机械化科学研究院

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2006年第12期126-129,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(项目编号:2004AA2Z4120);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(项目编号:20040712018)

摘　　要：应用单片机、GIS、GPS等技术设计了一种变量施水控制系统。采用AT89C51单片机,基于JupiterGPSOEM开发GPS接收机,选择IC卡作为GIS数据传递的媒体,并根据矢量关系提出了一种基于点线距离的数据查询算法。当施水机在田间作业时,系统能进行位置判断、地块识别,以及查询土壤属性数据或处方数据,并能结合机械行走速度、施水幅宽等计算出某一时刻的应施水量,向控制器发出指令,实现适时适量施水。A variable rate system of water application was developed by applying single-chip computer technology, GPS and GIS technology based on the irrigated farming equipments that were existed. The main hardware components of the system included an AT89C51 single-chip unit of ATMEL Corporation, a GPS receiver based on Jupiter GPS OEM, and an IC card was used to transfer GIS information in the unit. Meanwhile, a data-querying algorithm based on the vector method was used in the system. The control system could receive position information, recognize the site in the field, query the amount of water to be applied from a water prescription map, and the water flow rate was calculated based on vehicle speed and the spray width, and then the flow information was converted to an electronic signal to drive a water regulating valve on an irrigation machine to accomplish variable rate irrigation. This control system could be adapted in the existing irrigation machines for site-specific water application at right time and right position to improve water utilization efficiency and increase yield production.

关 键 词：变量施水 控制系统 单片机 GPS 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S275[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]