异养微生物异化还原大洋多金属结核  

Dissimilatory reduction of marine nodules with heterotrophic microbes

作　　者：冯雅丽[1] 李浩然[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2006年第12期1111-1114,共4页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.20476009;No.20576137);国家长远发展专项(No.DY105-04-01-08);国家"973"计划资助项目(No.2003CB716001)

摘　　要：从太平洋海底沉积物中分离到的四株异养微生物，进行耐酸和耐金属的驯化，在好氧和厌氧条件下进行异养微生物异化还原大洋多金属结核的实验，并分析了浸出机理．结果表明：厌氧浸出优于好氧浸出，pH控制在2．5～3，浸出时间为3d，浸出率可达98％．利用异养微生物还原浸出大洋多金属矿浸出速率高，矿体无需通气，投资低，易于操作，且环境友好，可在回收有价金属的同时进行固体废弃物和有机废弃物综合治理．Four heterotrophic microbes were separated from deep sea floor sediment of the Pacific Ocean. The dissimilatory reduction principles of these heterotrophic microbes were explored after their acclimatization to acid and metals. The results indicate that anaerobic leaching is better than aerobic condition, the optimum pH range is 2.5 to 3, the leaching time is 3 d, and the leaching rate is up to 98%. It shows that dissimilatory reduction of marine nodules with heterotrophic microbes has such advantages as higher leaching rate, no ventilation, lower investment, easier operation and better environment. The solid and organic waste can be treated at the same time coupling valuable metal recovery.

关 键 词：大洋多金属结核 异养微生物 异化还原 浸出 

分 类 号：TF111.311[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] F803.21[经济管理]