青藏高原大气总水汽量的反演研究  

Research on Retrieval of the Amount of Atmospheric Water Vapor over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

作　　者：梁宏[1] 刘晶淼[1] 章建成[2] 毕研盟[3] 王开存[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国气象局国家气象中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象局国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2006年第6期1055-1063,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40375035);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA135360)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2001年青藏高原89个气象站资料、NCEP格点再分析资料以及2001—2003年7月3个地基GPS站的大气总水汽量观测资料,对GPS遥感的大气总水汽量与探空观测结果做了比较,研究了大气总水汽量变化对降雨形成的影响,大气总水汽量与地面水汽压的关系,分析了青藏高原大气总水汽量的时空变化特征及其成因。结果表明:GPS遥感的大气总水汽量与探空观测结果吻合得较好,2001年那曲站两种结果相比均方根误差仅0.15 cm;大气总水汽量与地面水汽压之间有良好的相关关系;不同季节高原上基本都存在3个明显的大气总水汽量高值中心:即东南部、西南部和西北部;高原大气总水汽量分布的季节变化与500 hPa风场及整层大气水汽通量的变化关系密切。Based on the ground data of 89 weather stations in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, NCEP grid reanalysis dataset, and the ground GPS remote sensing data at three stations in July from 2001 to 2003, the results of the amount of： atmospheric GPS remote sensing and radiosonde data are compared, the effect of the amount of atmospherc water vapor change on rainfall formation and the relationship between the amount of atmospheric water vapor and the ground vapor pressure are studied, the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of the amount of atmospheric water vapor over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its formation cause are analyzed. The result shows that a coincidence with root-mean-square errors （RMSE） of 0.15 cm dose exist between the results based on GPS and those based on the radiosonde data on Oinghai Xizang Plateau. Also , there is a good relationship between the amount of atmospheric water vapor and sorface vapor pressure. There are three centers of high amount of water vapor over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in every season. These centers are located respectively over southeastern part, southwestern part and northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. There is a good relationship between the seasonal change of precipitable water vapor distribution and the change of 500 hPa wind field and integrated vapor flux over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

关 键 词：青藏高原 大气总水汽量 GPS 地面水汽压 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]