2001年7月山西中部一次罕见暴雨过程的诊断分析  

Diagnostic Analysis of a Rare Rainstorm Process in Mid-Shanxi in July 2001

作　　者：赵桂香[1] 程麟生[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省气象台,山西太原030006 [2]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《高原气象》2006年第6期1083-1091,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：山西省重点科研项目(0509)资助

摘　　要：利用常规探空和地面实测资料以及GMS-5红外卫星云图资料，对发生在2001年7月26～27日山西省晋中市的一次区域性暴雨进行了天气学诊断和准地转Q矢量、湿Q矢量诊断及对比分析，结果表明：（1）此次暴雨发生在稳定的大尺度环流背景下，低涡切变线是其主要影响系统；东移发展的地面强冷锋是造成此次暴雨的天气尺度系统；而冷锋云系中新生，发展的中-β尺度暴雨云团是造成这次暴雨的直接系统。能量场在地面表现为Ω型。（2）Q矢量锋生函数表现出典型的准地转特征，而湿Q矢量锋生函数则具有明显的中尺度特征，且与降水量有滞后6h的正相关关系，其强中心的出现是未来6h强降水预报的重要指标。（3）对湿Q矢量的分解表明，Qx^＊和Qy^＊在强度、层次以及出现的时间上存在明显差异，这可能是由于对于暴雨这种伴有强烈垂直上升运动的天气现象来说，其经向上热量和动量的交换较纬向上的要大得多;暴雨出现在Qy^＊正、负值的交汇处。Based on GMS-5 infrared satellite image, routine sonde and surface observation data, selecting the regional rainstorm in Jinzhong city on 26～27 July 2001 as a case, through the synoptic analysis and numerical diagnosis of quasi-geostropic Q- and wet Q-vectors, The results showed that： （1） This event is occurred Under the background of the steady large-scale circulation. The low vortex and the shear line are its mainly influencing systems, and it is directly caused by anew and developing meso-β scale rainstorm cloud cluster. The energy field is fl pattern on the surface. （2） There was quasi-geostropic charac teristic in the distribution of frontogenesis function of Q-vector, while the frontogenesis function of wet Q- vector has mesoscale characteristic. And it and pricipitation have positive correlations with delay 6 h. So it is a good indicator for forecasting the event. （3） There was apparent difference between Qx^＊ and Qy^＊ in the aspect of intensity, level, and appearing time. And the rainstorm occurred the interface between positive and negative values of Qy^＊.

关 键 词：湿Q矢量 锋生函数 晋中暴雨 诊断分析 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]