鱼类诺达病毒及其所导致的疾病  

Piscine nodavirus and its pathogenesis

作　　者：黄剑南[1] 郭志勋[1] 冯娟[1] 林蠡[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [2]广东省大亚湾水产试验中心,广东惠州526107

出　　处：《水产学报》2006年第6期831-836,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家863高技术研究发展计划(2002AA603012);广东省科技计划项目(2003B21502;2005B20301016)

摘　　要：In recent years,piscine nodaviruses have emerged as major pathogens of a wide range of larval and juvenile marine finfish resulting in high mortality in aquaculture worldwide.Affected fish exhibit a range of neurological signs,such as erratic swimming behaviour with the associated microscopic lesions of necrosis and vacuolation of the central nervous tissues and retina.Numerous round-shaped,unenveloped and 25-30 nm in diameter virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of affected retinal and nerve cells.Nodaviruses have a bipartite genome of positive-sense RNA,with RNA1 encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA2 encoding the capsid protein.Both RNA are capped,but not polyadenylated.The family Nodaviridae comprises two genera: Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus,members of which primarily infect insects and fish,respectively.Therefore,betanodavirus is also named piscine nodavirus.At present,piscine nodaviruses are divided into four genotypes based on partial sequences of the coat protein gene.ELISA and RT-PCR amplification have been developed as specific diagnostic methods for the detection of the virus.Antibodies to striped jack(Pseudocaranx dentex) nervous necrosis(SJNNV) were found in 65% of plasma samples collected from wild and domestic brood stocks of striped jack,suggesting that the virus is very prevalent.Viral antigens were detected in eggs,larvae,and ovaries of hatchery-reared and wild spawner fish,suggesting both horizontal and vertical modes of transmission of the virus.Selection of nodavirus-free spawners using ELISA for detection of antigens and RT-PCR techniques have successfully reduced incidences of the virus infections in juvenile sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax),striped jack and barfin flounder(Verasper moseri).The SSN-1 and GF cell lines have been successfully used in isolating piscine nodaviruses.Although there are many papers describing the molecular characteristics of betanodavirus,our knowledge of the genomic attributes of these viruses is still limited.Vaccination studies are being unIn recent years, piscine nodavimses have emerged as major pathogens of a wide range of larval and juvenile marine finfish resulting in high mortality in aquaculture worldwide. Affected fish exhibit a range of neurological signs, such as erratic swimming behaviour with the associated microscopic lesions of necrosis and vacuolation of the central nervous tissues and retina. Numerous round-shaped, unenveloped and 25 - 30 nm in diameter virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of affected retinal and nerve cells. Nodaviruses have a bipartite genome of positive-sense RNA, with RNAI encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA2 encoding the capsid protein. Both RNA are capped, but not polyadenylated. The family Nodaviridae comprises two genera： Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus,members of which primarily infect insects and fish, respectively. Therefore, betanodavirus is also named piscine nodavirus. At present, piscine nodaviruses are divided into four genotypes based on partial sequences of the coat protein gene. ELISA and RT-PCR amplification have been developed as specific diagnostic methods for the detection of the virus. Antibodies to striped jack （ Pseudocaranx dentex ） nervous necrosis （SJNNV） were found in 65 % of plasma samples collected from wild and domestic brood stocks of striped jack, suggesting that the virus is very prevalent. Viral antigens were detected in eggs, larvae, and ovaries of hatchery-reared and wild spawner fish, suggesting both horizontal and vertical modes of transmission of the virus. Selection of nodavirus-free spawners using ELISA for detection of antigens and RT-PCR techniques have successfully reduced incidences of the virus infections in juvenile sea bass （ Dicentrarchus labrax）, striped jack and barfin flounder （ Verasper moseri）. The SSN- 1 and GF cell have been successfully used in isolating piscine nodaviruses. Although there are many papers describing the molecular characteristics of betanodavirus, our knowledge of the genomic attributes of these viruse

关 键 词：诺达病毒 鱼类诺达病毒 病毒性神经坏死症 

分 类 号：Q939.47[生物学—微生物学] S941.41[农业科学—水产养殖]