实验性2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏微血管病理改变及机制初探  

Pathological changes of renal microvascular morphology in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：苏君梅[1] 陈维亚[1] 李红娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范学院基础医学部病理生理教研室,310036

出　　处：《浙江医学》2006年第12期986-989,共4页Zhejiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的研究糖尿病肾病肾脏微血管的病理学改变。方法应用链脲佐菌素(STZ)加高能量饮食建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,并设立对照组,19周后各组取肾脏标本,采用切片HE、PAS染色及透射电镜进行早期糖尿病肾脏微血管形态学检查,定量测定肾小球毛细血管基底膜厚度(TGBM),计算肾小球毛细血管丛面积/肾小球面积比例,并测定24h尿蛋白含量和肾皮质组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物化酶(SOD)含量的变化。结果实验组肾小球系膜区扩张,肾小球毛细血管充血、扩张,肾小球球囊面积(S1)及毛细血管丛面积(S2)较对照组明显增大,S2/S1(%)比值增高。超微结构显示实验组肾小球毛细血管基底膜脏层上皮细胞部分足突融合增宽,图像分析结果显示实验组肾小球毛细血管基底膜较对照组明显增厚(P<0.01),肾皮质组织MDA含量明显高于对照组,SOD活性明显低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组24h尿蛋白量明显升高(P<0.05)。结论肾小球体积增大、系膜区扩张、毛细血管基底膜增厚是DN早期的病理改变,氧化应激可能参与DN的发生、发展。Objective To observe the pathological changes of renal microvascular morphology of early stage diabetic nephropathy （DN） in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by injection of streptozotocin （STZ） and feeding of high calorie food for 19 weeks, The early changes of renal morphology were examined using light microscope and transmission electron microscope. At the same time the thickness of glomerular basement membrane and the space ratio of glomerular capillary and glomerulus were detected by computer image processing system. Renal tissue MDA and SOD levels were also determined, Urinary protein for 24 hours were measured. Results Glomerular capiUary was congested and expanded, glomerules presented hypertrophy. The space of glomerules （S1, 3414± 154 m^2）and capillary leash （S2,2251 ± 132m^2）in NIDDM rats were significantly higher than that in the control rats （3057 ± 92 m^2,1834 ± 106 m^2, P〈0.01 ）, so was the ratio of S2/S1. The thickness of glomerular basement membrane（TGBM ） in experimental group were higher than that of the controls. The level of tissue MDA in NIDDM group （1.494 ± 0.42nmol/mg） was significantly higher than that in the control group （ 0.8025 ± 0.260nmol/mg, P〈0.05）, but the SOD level was just the reverse. Urinary protein in NIDDM group was higher than that of the controls （P〈0.05）. Conclusion TGBM thickening, glomerular mesangial expanding and glomerular hypertrophy was the early pathology changes of DN. Oxidative stress may be involve in the mechanism of DN.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 糖尿病肾病 肾脏微血管病变 氧化应激 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌]