Spatial Characterization of the Baltic Sea Drainage Basin and Its Unmonitored Catchments  

作　　者：Fredrik Hannerz Georgia Destouni 林宝法（译） 胡恩和（校） 

机构地区：[1]斯德哥尔摩大学 [2]不详

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2006年第5期214-219,共6页

摘　　要：我们给出一幅最新的、经过校准的整个波罗的海流域（BSDB）的水文底图，包括634个次级流域。这一最新的图，其详细的程度此现在的标准约高5～10倍，并包括各种与水管理相关的空间集合可能性。所有634个次级流域及其各种空间集合的特征用人口、土地覆被、流域密度以及坡度来表示。我们特别对未结合监测沿海营养物和污染物负载所需的水流和营养物浓度的测量进行监测的流域进行识别、定量，井描述出其特征。结果表明，2002年84239000波罗的海流域总人口中有24％居住在面积占波罗的海流域总面积13％的未监测的沿海流域中。一项对瑞典集水区进行的更详细分析表明，与整个波罗的海流域的一般情况相比，瑞典有特别大比例的、人口压力很大的（占瑞典总人口的55％）未监测的沿海集水区（占瑞典总面积的20％）。一般来说，被调查的未监测沿岸流域的特征有差异且大多与波罗的海流域内与其相邻的受监测流域不同。We present an updated,harmonized hydrologic base map of the entire Baltic Sea Drainage Basin (BSDB), including 634 subdrainage basins.The updated map has a level of detail approximately 5 to 10 times higher than the current standard and includes various spatial-aggre- gation possibilities of relevance for water management. All 634 subdrainage basins and their various spatial aggregations are characterized in terms of population, land cover,drainage density,and slope.We identify, quantify,and characterize,in particular,drainage basins that are unmonitored with regard to the combination of water-flow and nutrient-concentration measurements needed to monitor coastal nutrient and pollutant loading. Results indicate that out of a total BSDB population of 84 239 000 in 2002,24% lived in unmonitored coastal drainage basins that cover 13% of the total BSDB area.A more detailed analysis of Swedish catchments indicates that Sweden has a particularly large proportion of un- monitored coastal catchment areas (20% of the total Swedish area) with high population pressures (55% of the total Swedish population),when compared with average conditions for the whole BSDB.in general,the investi- gated characteristics of unmonitored coastal basins vary and differ largely from those in adjacent monitored drainage basins within the BSDB.

关 键 词：波罗的海 集水区 流域 监测 空间 人口压力 表征 土地覆被 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]