剪切散斑:一种光学测量技术及其应用  

Shearography: An Optical Measurement Technique and Applications

作　　者：洪友仁[1] 何浩培[2] 何小元[3] 

机构地区：[1]香港城市大学制造工程与工程管理系 [2]香港中文大学电子工程系 [3]东南大学工程力学系

出　　处：《实验力学》2006年第6期667-688,共22页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：香港研究资助局中央拨款资助计划(CityU1/01C)的资助;香港研究资助局的研究资助(CityU1196/02E)

摘　　要：本文综述了剪切散斑测量技术及其成功的应用领域。剪切散斑技术是一种基于激光的全场、非接触表面变形(位移或应变)测量技术,它无需特殊的隔震装置,克服了因参考光束给全息干涉技术所带来的诸多限制。因此,它是用于现场测量的一个有效工具。剪切散斑测量技术已经得到了工业界的普遍认同,尤其是在工业无损检测方面更显示出了它的极大优势,它可以通过识别被诱发的异常变形来显示物体的内部缺陷。剪切散斑的应用还包括应变测量、材料特性表征、残余应力评估、泄漏探测、振动分析和三维形貌测量等。This article reviews shearography and its applications. Shearography is a laser based technique for full-field, non-contacting measurement of surface deformation （displacement or strain）. It was developed to overcome several limitations of holography by eliminating the reference beam. It does not require special vibration isolation;hence, it is a practical tool that can be used in a field/ factory environment. Shearography has already received considerable industrial acceptance, in particular, for nondestructive testing. In nondestructive testing, shearography reveals defects in an object by identifying defect-induced deformation anomalies. Other applications of shearography include strain measurement, material characterization, residual stress evaluation, leak detection, vibration studies and 3-D shape measurement.

关 键 词：剪切散斑 干涉术 散斑 位相识别 无损检测 变形测量 残余应力测量 振动分析 泄漏探测 表面轮廓术 三雏形貌测量 

分 类 号：O348[理学—固体力学]