提高岩溶地区石灰土生产力试验研究  

Research of improving the productivity of lime-stone soil in karst regions

作　　者：潘艳华[1] 孔垂思[1] 郭玉蓉[1] 何应孝 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]西畴县法斗乡,云南西畴663502

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2006年第6期1100-1104,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技攻关项目(2001NG54;2002NG13)

摘　　要：连续2年在石灰土上进行提高土地生产力的相关试验，结果表明：与传统栽培（CK）相比，平衡施肥（处理1）、施用土壤改良保水剂（处理2）、少耕覆盖死覆盖（处理3）、少耕覆盖活覆盖（处理4）、育苗移栽、合理密植措施均能有效的提高土地生产力。表现为能有效提高土壤含水量、改善土壤理化性状、增加产量产值。2年平均：处理2—4全生育期土壤水分含量比传统栽培提高6．7％、16．6％、10．1％，雨水透地前提高7．7％、17．4％、8．1％；处理3对土壤理化性状的改善作用最明显。有机质、全氪含量比试验前分别提高9．9％、6．4％，土壤容重降低0．22g／cm^3、土壤孔隙度提高4．1个百分点，其余处理稍次之；处理1-4产量比CK平均增加13．4％、36．3％、28．5％、27．8％，纯收入平均增加20．9％、38．7％、22．7％、37．9％。Experiments ,which were carried out in limestone soil for two years aiming to improve the soil productivity, showed that it could efficiently raised water content, physicochemical properties of soll and the output of products by balancing fertilization （treatment 1 ）, using soil water-retaining-agent（ treatment2 ）, low-tillage with stable covering （ treatment3 ）, low-tillage with living covering （ treatment4 ）, cultivating seedling,transplanting and reasonable dense stand ,compared with traditional cultivation（CK）. The results showed from treatment 2 to treatment 4, the water content in soil was higher than that of the C K , with increase of 6.7 %, 16.6 %, 10.1%, in the whole growing period, and increase of 7.7 %, 17.4 %, 8.1% before rain permeating soil ; the treatment 3 in which the contents of organic substance and nitrogen were raised, with the increase of 9.9 % ,6.4 %, and had a significant impact on improving the physiochemical properties of soil,it＇s bulk density lowered 22 g/cm^3 ,and pore contents raise 4.1 hundred-make point,the relative results of other treatment were not obvious. According to experiments,the average increase of 13.4 % ,36.3 % ,28.5 % ,27.8 % in yield and 20.9 % ,38.7 % ,22.7 % ,37.9 % in pure incomes were successively achieved from treatment 1 to treatment 4 in comparison with that of the CK.

关 键 词：石灰土 平衡施肥 覆盖保墒 改土培肥 增产增值 

分 类 号：S513.6[农业科学—作物学]