印楝提取物对瓜绢螟的拒食活性研究  

Anti-feeding Effect of the Extracts from Neem Seed on Diaphania indica (Saunders)

作　　者：何书海[1,2] 韩丙军[1] 彭黎旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 [2]华南热带农业大学环境与植物保护学院海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2006年第6期26-29,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

摘　　要：采用常规溶剂萃取和CO2超临界萃取技术,从印楝(Azadirachta indica A.deJussieu)种仁中萃取印楝素,以3龄和5龄瓜绢螟[Diaphania indica(Saunders)]初期幼虫为试虫,进行室内拒食活性研究。结果表明:2种提取物浓度在20μg/mL时,对瓜绢螟3龄、5龄幼虫已具有较强的拒食作用,各浓度萃取物对3龄试虫的非选择性拒食和选择性拒食作用都高于5龄试虫;连续以2种5μg/mL萃取物浸叶饲喂的试虫体重增长明显低于对照试虫,处理2d后,常规溶剂萃取物、超临界萃取物处理试虫体重分别为对照的63.16%和61.92%。说明印楝2种提取物对瓜绢螟3龄和5龄幼虫均具有较好的拒食活性,而在同一浓度下,CO2超临界萃取物对瓜绢螟的拒食活性高于常规溶剂萃取物的。Azadirachtin was extracted from neem seeds by conventional and CO2 supercritical fluid extraction methods, and its anti-feeding activity evaluated on the 3^rd and 5^th instars of larvae in laboratory. The two extracts with a concentration of 20 μg/mL were found to display very high anti-feeding effects on the 3^rd and 5^yh instars of larvae. The anti-feeding effects of these two extracts were significantly higher on the 3^rd instar of larvae than on the 5^th instar of larvae with all concentrations. The high inhibition to the increase of larvae weight was obtained through feeding the 5^th instar of larvae with the two extracts at the concentration of 5μg/mL, and the larvae weights were 61.92% and 63.16% of their controls respectively. It is concluded that the two extracts had high anti-feeding activity and that the effect of the extract from CO2 supereritical fluid extraction methods was higher than that of conventional methods at the same concentration.

关 键 词：印楝 植物性杀虫剂 瓜绢螟 拒食作用 

分 类 号：TQ453.3[化学工程—农药化工]