铜川市耀州区农户肉羊农牧生态系统能量流动规律的研究  

Study on Energy Flowing Regulation of Farming and Meat Goat Raising Ecosystem of Farm Household in Yaozhou District,Tongchuan City

作　　者：张呈军[1] 陈玉林[1] 王宝海[1] 康康[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2006年第6期41-45,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(编号:2004K02-G11-01);世界银行项目资助

摘　　要：运用生态学的系统分析方法,以铜川市耀州区金圣生态养羊示范基地农户肉羊农牧生态系统为研究对象,对系统的能量流动规律、种植业与养殖业的生态效率进行分析。分析表明:三种规模养殖农户种植亚系统能量产投比与结构调整前相比分别提高了39.40%、39.50%和30.40%,向养殖亚系统输入的总能量占养殖亚系统需能总量的96.61%,88.45%和80.55%;养殖亚系统的能量转化效率分别达到7.35%、8.00%和8.39%,输入到种植亚系统的粪尿能水平分别是调整前粪尿能输入水平(37.64×103MJ/hm2)的1.57倍、1.84倍和2.07倍。整个系统的经济投入与产出比分别达到1.73、1.83和1.98,三种规模农户的纯收益比调整前分别增加1132.5元、2392.8元和3913.5元。表明农户肉羊生产系统是一个高投入、高产出的农牧生态系统,有较好的生态效益和经济效益。Regarded farming and meat goat raising ecosystem of farm household in Jinsheng Ecological Goat Breeding Demonstrate Base, Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City as research objects, the energy flowing regulation of agro-animal husbandry ecosystem and ecological efficiency of planting industry and animal raising industry were analyzed by ecological systems analysis. The result indicated： the energy input-output ratio of three scale farm household are enhanced by 39.40%, 39.50%, 30. 40% than before. , The a- mount of energy from farming sub-system to animal raising sub-system only fulfilled 80.55 %,88.45% and 96.61% compare with the energy demand of animal raising sub-system. The energy transformation efficiency of goat raising sub-system reached 7.35%, 8.00% and 8.39% respectively, the economic output-input ratio on three scale farm household reached 1.57,1.84,2.07 respectively, the net income of three scale farm household were increased 1132. 5yuan,2392.8 yuan and 3913.5 yuan respectively. It indicated that the meat goat-raising system of farm household is an agricultural and animal raising combining ecosystem which have high investment and high guerdon, and could gain better ecological and economic benefits. Especially animal raising system on small scale is worth popularizing in the hill and gully area of loess plateau.

关 键 词：农户 肉羊 能量流动 农牧生态系统 规律 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]