“产业区”研究的主要学派与整合框架:学习型产业区的理论建构  

MAIN SCHOOLS IN THE STUDIES OF INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS AND THE INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK:A THEORITICAL CONSRUCTION OF LEARNING INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS

作　　者：苗长虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475001

出　　处：《人文地理》2006年第6期97-103,共7页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40071029);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(04JJDZH016)

摘　　要：20世纪70年代末期以来,“产业区”作为经济全球化背景下世界经济发展中最具有活力的区域而受到学术界的高度重视。伴随着研究的深入,相继形成了一些侧重点有所不同的理论学派,如弹性专业化学派、新的产业空间学派、创新环境学派、产业集群学派、区域创新系统学派、第二级城市学派等。本文重点阐释了各个学派的产生与发展过程、理论基础和主要观点,分析了各个学派的优点及其局限性,在此基础上探讨了通过学习型产业区的理论建构而对这些学派进行互补、整合的基本途径。With the progress of theoretical and empirical studies, various scholars, mainly but not exclusively based on North America and western Europe, who have highlighted the significance of the region as an effective arena for participating in the global competition and situating the institutions of post-Fordist economic governance, have advanced some different concepts and approaches to explain the mechanism of reemergence and resurgence of industrial districts like Emilia-Romagna in italy, Baden-Wue rtternberg in Germany and Silicon Valley in the United States. Among them, six distinct strands ofresearch can be identified. Some scholars such as Baguasco, Becattini, Piore and Sabel argued that the success of＂the Third Italy＂ was bound up with the an ongoing shift from mass production to flexible specialization, in contrast, a Californian school of economic geographers like Storper, Scott and Walker argued that the rise of new industrial space was explained mainly through an analysis of changing organizational structures and traded and non-traded interdpendences. While the OREMI school in continental Europe emphasized the importance of innovative milieu and some scholars, especially Porter, in strategic management research highlighted the significance of indnstrial clusters, other scholars such as Cooke, Morgan and Asheim pay more attention to the regional innovation system from the insights of broader literatures on national systems of innovation and a few scholars like Markusen and Park tried to generalize the theory of industrial districts and focused more on the rise of second tier cities, both in developed countries and in developing countries. Although these strands tell us some specific mechanisms about the changing relationships among regions, knowledge creation and competitive advantage, it is obvious that the precise nature of these relationships is not clear and these approaches need to be integrated.

关 键 词：产业区 产业集群 区域创新系统 学习型产业区 

分 类 号：F119.9[经济管理—国际贸易]