脉冲电解加工技术在精微加工领域中的新发展  

Recent Advances of PECM(Pulse ECM) in the Precision/Micro Machining Areas

作　　者：王建业[1] 张永俊[2] 余艳青[1] 黄立勋[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学,广州510641 [2]广东工业大学,广州5100903 [3]怀集汽车配件制造有限责任公司,肇庆526400

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2007年第1期114-119,共6页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50475046);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(040078)

摘　　要：介绍了高频、窄脉冲成形加工技术新的研究成果,考察了国外微细加工技术的新发展状况,结果表明:精密窄脉冲电解加工近年来向提高频率、缩短脉宽方向发展;大电流、高频、窄脉冲电流源加工精密复杂型腔、型面的新工艺及新电源已投入模具、叶片的试生产中,显示出良好的技术经济效果,成形精度可达0.05mm;近期国外又发展了数百兆赫、数百纳秒级微小电流加工数十微米级零件的微细加工技术,开拓了电解加工用于微细加工的新领域,显示了脉冲电解加工巨大的发展潜势。试验研究表明,随着频率的提高、脉宽的变窄,引起阳极集中蚀除能力进一步加强,加工间隙进一步缩小,最终导致加工精度相应提高。所研制的1000A、20kHz矩形波电流源的脉冲前沿上升时间达微秒级,快速短路保护时间仅为数十微秒级。This paper focused on up-to-date research and development of HSPECM,as well as, the technical survey concerning to the development of ECM Micro-manufacturing abroad. High precision Short Pulse ECM （HSPECM） is the up-to-date PECM, which has been researched and developed toward the increases of the pulse frequency and decreases of the pulse width. Larger current （a few kilo Amperes）, quasi high frequency （a few kilo Hertz）, short pulse （a few tens microse conds） rectangular wave Pulse ECM and its Pulse Power have been in trial production of the complex profile mold and blade, which has resulted in huge impact. The ECM Micro-manufacturing technologies has been developed this decade. The highest pulse frequency of which has attended to a few hundreds megahertz, the pulse width shortened to a few hundreds nanoseconds, which is opening the prospective view of using the ECM on the micro manufcturing areas. It is revealed that the machi ning accuracy is enhanced and the surface quality is getting better with the increase of pulse frequency and decrease of the pulse width. The highest forming accuracy can be within 0. 05mm. For 1000A, 20kHz Pulse power, the rise time and fall time of the current wave edge could be in microsecond range, The switch off duration of the rapid short circuit protection can be a few tens microsecond range. HSPECM is perceived potentially key technologies in the future in precision and micro manufacturing areas.

关 键 词：电解加工 高频 窄脉冲电流 精密加工 微细加工 

分 类 号：TG662[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]