应用ISSR标记分析三江平原狭叶甜茅不同种群的遗传多样性  

Genetic Diversity of Different Glyceria spiculosa Populationsin the Sanjiang Plain Based on ISSR Markers

作　　者：沈光[1] 倪红伟[1] 徐香玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院自然资源研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨师范大学生物系,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2006年第4期286-291,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：黑龙江省杰出青年基金(JC03-09)项目资助

摘　　要：以三江平原狭叶甜茅(Glyceriaspiculosa)为研究对象,选取3个不同群落类型:狭叶甜茅优势种群落、狭叶甜茅和毛苔草(Carexlasiocarpa)为共建种的群落以及狭叶甜茅为主要伴生种的群落,共45个材料进行了ISSR分子标记分析。结果从41个引物中筛选出7个有效引物,扩增出80条清晰条带,平均每个引物扩增了11.4条带,其中70个位点是多态的,总的多态位点比率为87.5%,表明被测材料间ISSR标记多态性较高。利用Popgen(version1.32)软件分析了扩增结果,并得到了狭叶甜茅不同群落类型的遗传距离、遗传一致度、Nei和Shannon信息指数等遗传特征。结果表明,对于一个物种来说,当地理距离太近不能成为影响其遗传多样性水平的因素时,其构成的种群在群落中的地位将是影响遗传多样性水平的主要因素之一。Glyceria spiculosa is a kind of perennial aquatic herbaceous plant which belongs to mannagrass of gramineae. They live in aquiprata, marsh land and by the stream. They are one of the important constructive species and important component part of wetland ecosystem in the Sanjiang Plain. ISSR are sequences between 16 to 28 bases of repetitive sequences, based on polymerase chain reaction. ISSR method has advantages of simple management, quickness, high efficiency and without fussy constructing gene library and so on. It fits for any species which is abound of repetitive unit of ISSR. It can supply multiposition information and aberrances among different micro -satellite seats information, and it has high genetic polymorphism and good repetitiveness. But till now, it has not been seen to be applied in gene diversity of Glyceria spiculosa. To clarify influence of change of macroscopical ecology environment on Glyceria spiculosa at all levels especially at molecular level was examined. Adaptive mechanism and evolution potential were studied and gene structure of Glyceria spiculosa was analyzed, and so to reveal adaptive manner of Glyceria spiculosa when facing natural selection and the evolution routine of long evolution history. All these are important for protection,, operating management, repopulation and anticipation of dynamic development of Glyceria spiculosa, and supply theory direction for bio - diversity especially protection and utilization of marsh land. Three different typical plots of Glyceria spiculosa communities were chosen in the Honghe Natural Reserve and the Daxing Reserve of the Sanjiang Plain. There are two plots in the Honghe Natural Reserve, namely plots of communities in which Glyceria spiculosa and Carex lasiocarpa are constructive species, and one plot in the Daxing Reserve, namely plots of community in which Glyceria spiculosa is dominant species. 15 ramets of Glyceria spiculosa along the same direction in every plot were taken, at least 10 m between two ramets and same diameter for eve

关 键 词：狭叶甜茅 群落 三江平原 ISSR 多态性 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]