北京市急性呼吸道疾病及流感样症状抽样调查  

A sampling survey of acute respiratory disease and influenza-like illness among Beijing residents

作　　者：田向阳[1] 石建辉[2] 宋明学[2] 李玉青[2] 王东[2] 罗艳侠[3] 杨兴华[3] 郭秀花[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100011 [2]北京疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100013 [3]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2007年第1期7-9,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的了解北京市居民急性呼吸道疾病和流感样症状发生及流行情况,为制定呼吸道传染病预防和控制措施提供参考依据。方法根据分层整群随机抽样的方法,对北京市12岁及以上的城乡居民5594人进行了面对面的问卷调查。结果20.43%的调查对象报告2003年曾患过急性呼吸道疾病,0.93%报告曾经出现过流感样症状,0.25%的人报告过去两周曾出现过流感样症状。只有极少数调查对象能够完全掌握呼吸道传染病的基本知识(0.41%)和预防知识(0.30%)。对北京市居民近两周患急性呼吸道疾病情况及相关因素进行分析发现,患病情况与居民的居住地区、性别、文化程度、工作或学习场所的性质等因素有关(P<0.05)。结论北京市居民的急性呼吸道疾病和流感样症状的发病情况严重,加强居住和工作场所的通风换气是预防呼吸道传染病的重要措施。北京市居民对呼吸道传染病的预防知识和技能的掌握情况比较欠缺,及时开展呼吸道传染病防治的健康教育和健康促进工作十分必要。Objective To research the incidence of acute respiratory diseases （ARD） and influenza-like illness （ILI） in Beijing residents so as to make a recommendation for plan-making of intervention and control. Methods 5594 urban and suburban residents aged over 12 were selected at random with clustered stratified sampling. A pre-constructed questionnaire was used to gather the resident＇s relating information by face-to-face. Results 20.43% of the subjects reported that they had suffered from at least once the acute respiratory diseases and 0.93 % reported the influenza-like illness in 2003, and 0.25% revealed at least once ILI. A rather small proportion of the residents were acknowledgeable about the basic knowledge （0.41%） and prevention skills （0.30%）. A multi-factor analysis indicated that the incidence of ILI was significantly related to living areas, gender, education and condition of working or studying venues （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion There is a rather severe prevalence of acute respiratory diseases and ILl among the Beijing residents, and the ventilation of living and working areas is key to prevent from ARD and ILI. Beijing residents know little about the knowledge and skills of the respiratory infectious disease and its prevention, and it＇s urgently needed to implement health education programs.

关 键 词：急性呼吸道疾病 流感样症状 抽样调查 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]