民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植被滴灌恢复试验研究  

Experimental Research on Desert Vegetation Restoration by Drip Irrigation at Minqin Oasis Edge

作　　者：张锦春[1] 赵明[1] 廖空太[1] 徐延双[1] 张应昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省荒漠化防治重点实验室/甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2007年第1期94-98,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：科技部国际合作项目(2001DDDF0011);甘肃省科研资助项目(QS041-C31-02)

摘　　要：应用滴灌技术对民勤绿洲边缘退化植被控梭、白刺进行灌溉恢复试验研究。结果表明：（1）滴灌条件下，退化植被梭梭、白刺生长良好。可使梭梭新稍增长1．3～1．5倍，新梢数目增多1．1～1．2倍。新梢生物量增加1．5～1．8倍；使白刺冠幅增大1.9～2．8倍，叶片数增多1．6～2．2倍，叶生物量增大2．8～6．5倍。（2）滴灌植物梭梭、白刺光合生理作用强。相对免灌对照，梭梭在100m^3·hm^-2和150m^3·hm^-2的灌溉定额下光合速率（CO2）提高1．30μmol·m^-2·s^-1和3．42μmol·m^-2·s^-1。白刺在200m^3·hm^-2和300m^3·hm^-2的灌溉定额下光合速率提高0．76μmol·m^-2·s^-1和1．35μmol·m^-2·s^-1，滴灌植被光合速率随灌溉量的增加而增大。（3）灌溉林地土壤水分状况得到较大的改善，在0～250cm土壤层次内，梭梭林地水分为3．070A～3．34％，相对对照林地提高了1．0～1．3百分点；白刺林地水分为2．76％～4．43％，相对对照提高了0.7～2．3百分点。Experimental research on degraded Haloxglon mmodendron and Nitraria tangutorum vegetation restoration at the edge of Minqin oasis was conducted through the application of irrigation technology. Following results have been obtained： （1） The degraded Haloxglon mmodendron and Nitraria tangotorum vegetation could grow well through application of drip irrigation. Comparing with those without drip irrigation, the length, amount and biomass of new branches of Haloxglon mmodendron could be increased by 1.3-1.5 times, 1.1-1.2 times and 1.5-1.8 times, respectively; the tree crown, amount of leaves and biomass of Nitraria tangutorum were increased by 1.9-2.8 times, 1.6-2.2 times and 2.8-6. 5 times, respectively. （2）The photosynthetic physiology of Haloxglon mmodendron and Nitraria tangotorum became strong. In contrast with CK of no irrigation, under the irrigation quota of 100 m^3·hm^-2 and 150 m^3·hm^-2, the photosynthetic rate of Haloxglon ammodendron were raised by 1.30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1and 3.42 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, and that of Nitraria tangutorum raised by 0. 76 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 1.35 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 under the irrigation quota of 200 m^3·hm^-2 and 300 m^3·hm^-2. The photosynthetic rate of vegetation under drip irrigation will become bigger with the increase of irrigation quota. （3） Water condition in the soil of the irrigated forest has been greatly improved. In the soil within 0 - 250 cm thick, the moist of Haloxglon mmodendron forest land was 3.07% -3.34%, 1.0% -1.3% higher than that without irrigation; that of Nitraria tangotorum forest land was 2.76% -4.43%, with an increase of 0.7% -2.3% comparing with that without irrigation.

关 键 词：民勤 荒漠植被 滴灌 恢复 光合生理 林地水分 

分 类 号：Q948.156[生物学—植物学]