泄水建筑物中突扩突跌体型侧墙上的水力特性  

Hydraulic characteristics along the sidewall of a sluice downstream of a sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop

作　　者：聂孟喜[1] 段冰[1] 李琳琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第12期1969-1972,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50479002)

摘　　要：为保证池水建筑物侧墙的稳定与安全,通过模型试验研究了突扩突跌体型的侧墙上的水力特性。采用比尺为1¨30的水工模型,在高流速条件下观测了侧墙水流流态、通气量、掺气浓度及时均压力分布。试验细部结构特征,发现侧空腔内的反射回漩流和突扩弧形面上的白色蚀带。侧墙等压线分析发现:侧墙水流冲击带是引发或影响各种侧墙水力特性的主导因素,冲击带水流向上游反射,缩小了侧空腔的有效通气面积;冲击带水流的折冲作用,可能诱发侧墙空化空蚀破坏。The hydraulic characteristics of a sluice after a sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop were measured to insure the stabilization and safety of the sluice sidewall. The flow along the sidewall, the air discharge, the air concentration, and time-averaged pressure distribution were measured in a 1：30 model. The flow structure displayed a reverse jet current in the lateral cavity and white corrosion on the lateral enlargement surface. The impact band on the sidewall is the main factor influencing the hydraulic characteristics. The back swirl reduces the effective ventilation area of the side jet. The impact band flow reflection reduces the sidewall pressure and initiates sidewall cavitation.

关 键 词：泄水建筑物 水工模型试验 突扩突跌 侧墙 水力特性 压力分布 空蚀 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV131.61