添加剂对焚烧飞灰旋风熔融过程中重金属固溶率的影响  

Influence of Additives on Fixation Rate of Heavy Metals during Swirling Melting Process of Fly Ash From Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

作　　者：王学涛[1] 金保升[2] 仲兆平[2] 吴健[1] 徐斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学车辆与动力工程学院,河南省洛阳市471003 [2]东南大学洁净煤发电及燃烧技术教育部重点实验室,江苏省南京市210096

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2006年第24期111-115,共5页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士点基金资助项目(20030286005);江苏省建设系统科技计划资助项目(JS200311)

摘　　要：采用自行设计的旋风熔融炉对焚烧飞灰进行熔融试验,研究了不同种类的添加剂对熔融过程中重金属行为的影响。结果表明,CaO的添加对Cr、Cu、Mn的固溶有抑制作用,As、Zn、Pb的固溶率亦随CaO添加量的升高而减小。焚烧飞灰中添加SiO2有利于提高重金属的固溶率。随飞灰试样中SiO2添加量的增长,Ni、Cr的固溶率略有增加,而Cu、Co、Mn的固溶率明显提高;As、Cd、Zn、Pb的固溶率随SiO2添加比例的增大亦呈显著上升趋势。除了Hg外,随着飞灰中MgO添加量的增加,Ni、Cr、Cu、Co、Mn的固溶率均有所提高,Zn、As、Cd、Pb的固溶率提高更为显著。3种添加剂对重金属的固溶效果由高到低依次为MgO、SiO2、CaO。The fly ash（FA） was melted in the selfdeveloped swirling melting furnace system. Influences of different kinds of additives on the behavior of heavy metals were investigated during fly ash melting process. The results show that the fixation rates of chromium, copper, manganese are decreased with adding calcium oxide during melting process. The fixation rates of arsenic, zinc, and lead reduce with the increasing of adding amount of calcium oxide. It is beneficial for the improvement of the fixation rate of heavy metals when silicon dioxide is added to FA. With the increasing of adding amount of silicon dioxide, the fixation rates of nickel and chromium increase slightly and less than that of copper, cobalt, and manganese and the fixation rates of arsenic, cadmium, zinc, and lead increase remarkably. With the exception of mercury, the fixation rates of nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, manganese increase with the adding amount of magnesia increasing. The above effects on fixation rates of zinc, arsenic, cadmium, and lead are much remarkable. The influence of three kinds of additives on the fixation effects of heavy metals from high to low level is magnesia, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide.

关 键 词：焚烧飞灰 添加剂 熔融 重金属 固溶率 

分 类 号：TK229[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]