基质高产栽培番茄氮磷钾优化施肥方案研究  

Study on Optimization of N,P and K Fertilizer on High Yield Tomato Cultivation in Growing Media

作　　者：蒋卫杰[1] 余宏军[1] 朱德蔚[1] 杜永臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2006年第5期45-49,共5页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家攻关项目"设施蔬菜现代化栽培技术体系研究与产业化示范"(2004BA521B01);农业部蔬菜遗传与生理重点开放实验室资金项目

摘　　要：采用二次回归饱和D-最优试验设计方法,研究了固态N、P和K肥施用量对日光温室有机生态型无土栽培长季节番茄产量的影响,建立了N、P和K肥施用量与番茄产量形成之间的方程模型。结果表明:N、P及K对长季节栽培番茄的早期、中期和后期产量都有明显的影响,番茄前期的最佳施肥量(单位:g/株.次,以下同)为N=0.72,P2O5=0.32,K2O=1.04;番茄生长中期N、K肥的需求量增加,番茄中期的最佳施肥量为N=0.85,P2O5=0.22,K2O=1.40;番茄生长后期,N和K肥需求量都稍有所下降,最佳施肥量为N=0.78,P2O5=0.25,K2O=1.27。Application of saturated D-optimal design, total of 10 treatments, experiment on effect of nutrient N, P and K on yield of long term tomato cultivation was conducted by directly supplying solid N, P and K fertilizer （mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers） in eco-organic type soilless culture system, related models between fertilization amount and yield at different growth stage were established. The results indicated that N, P and K nutrient had significant effects on tomato early, middle and late yield. The optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.72 （g/plant/time, the same as the following）, 0.32 and 1.04 respectively during early growing stage of tomato. The demand for N and K increased during middle growth period, the optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.85, 0.22 and 1.40 respectively. And then demand for N and K slightly decreased during late growth period, the optimum fertilization amount of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.78, 0.25 and 1.27 respectively.

关 键 词：番茄 基质 无土栽培 氪磷钾肥料 有机肥料 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]