白血病患儿父母的心理应激反应及其心理护理  

Psychological Stress Responses of Parents Induced by Children with Leukemia and Strategy of Prevention

作　　者：蔡若吟[1] 赵虎[2] 黄建美[1] 林旭妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第一附属医院,广东省汕头市515041 [2]汕头大学医学院法医学教研室,515031

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2007年第1期82-84,共3页international journal of nursing

基　　金：本文受2004年汕头市重点科技计划项目（汕府科[2004]102号）和2003年广东省科技计划项目（2003C33805）的资助.

摘　　要：目的分析白血病患儿所致的经济和精神负担对父母心理的影响，并探讨其心理应激障碍的预防和护理对策。方法选择同期住院的白血病儿童父母和一般性疾病儿童父母为受试样本，分析经济和精神负担，采用事件影响量表（修订版）、焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表，测定患儿父母的心理应激反应程度。结果白血病患儿父母的经济和精神负担，明显大于一般性疾病儿童的父母（P〈0．01）；在总应激反应强度、闯入、警觉及焦虑水平上，白血病儿童父母也明显高于一般性疾病儿童父母（P〈0．05）。结论面对严重的经济和精神负担，白血病儿童父母出现了强烈的心理应激反应，主要表现为明显的闯入、警觉及焦虑症状。在心理护理中，应减少应激源带来的经济和精神压力，提供足够的社会支持，帮助他们采用成熟的心理防御机制，促进患儿父母的适应性行为。Objective To investigate the impact of economic and psychological stress on parents＇ mental state during the treatment of leukaemia children, and probe into the prevention of the psychological stress disorders and nursing strategy. Methods According to case - control study design, choose the parents of both leukaemia children and general disease children in hospital in the same time as sample, and analyzed economy and psychological stress, and then investigated parents＇psychologieal stress responses using Impact of event scale - revised （ IES - R ）, Self - Rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS ） and Self - Rating Depression Scale （SDS） . Results The parents＇ economy and mental stress of leukaemia children, were significantly greater than general disease children＇s parents （ n 〈0. 01 ） ; The Score of IES - R and Intrusions factor and Hyperarousal factor and SAS and SDS, were significantly higher than general disease children＇s parents （ P 〈 0.05 ）.Conclusion Serious economy and psychological stress, may cause the strong psychological stress responses or disorders in leukaemia children＇s parents, which were shown as intrusions and hyperarousal and anxious symptom mainly. In the psychology nursing, workers should reduce the economic and psychological stress caused by leukaemia children, and offer enough social support, and help them to adopt the ripe defense mechanism and promote the adaptation behavior of parents.

关 键 词：白血病 父母 应激 心理护理 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]