饮水砷暴露居民死因的调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of death cause of resident exposed to arsenic drinking water

作　　者：王正辉[1] 李军[1] 程晓天[1] 桑志萍[1] 张杰[1] 吴赵明[1] 王志全 

机构地区：[1]山西省地方病防治研究所,临汾041000 [2]山西省山阴县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2007年第1期52-54,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：山西省卫生厅科技攻关计划资助项目（200325）.志谢 对山阴县疾病控制中心对本项目的支持谨表感谢.

摘　　要：目的调查饮水砷暴露地区居民的死亡情况。方法运用横断面调查方法，对20个砷中毒病区常住居民1999—2001年的死亡情况进行调查，调查结果按照国际疾病分类（ICD-10）编码分类登记，标化死亡率采用2000年全国标准人口构成进行标化。结果20个砷中毒病区3年累计调查人口33473人，死亡人口256人．粗死亡率764．79／10万．标化死亡率812．59／10万，砷中毒病区居民死亡率明显高于一般人群（u=3．82，P〈0．01）。其中．男性死亡率高于女性（u=2．14，P〈0．05）。各年龄组中儿童、中老年死亡率明显高于一般人群，砷中毒病区居民全死因标化死亡比（SMR）为1．43（95％CI：1．26～1．61，P〈0．05），砷中毒病区居民的前5位死因是呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病、内分泌系统疾病。结论饮水砷暴露地区居民的死亡率明显高于一般人群．尤以儿童和中老年明显，死因主要是呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性疾病为主。Objective To investigate the death situation of residents exposed to arsenic drinking water. Methods The death situation of resident in 1999 - 2001 was surveyed in 20 endemic arsenism diseased areas by cross sectional study. The results were classified according to＂International Classification of Diseases-10＂. Standardized death rate was adjusted according to the national standard population in the year of 2000. Results There were altogether 33 473 people surveyed in 20 endemic arsenism disease areas. 256 people died. Crude death rate was 764.79 ×10^-5. Standardized death rate was 812.59 × 10^-5 and was higher than that of standard population. The death rate of man was higher than that of woman. The death rates of children and middle-aged and older people were higher than that of the other aged group. In endemic arsenism disease areas Standardized Mortality Ratio （SMR） of all death cause was 1.43 （95% confidence interval： 1.26 - 1.61,P 〈 0.05）. The first five leading cause were respiratory system diseases, malignant tumors, cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases and endocrine system diseases, respectively. Conclusions The death rate of residents in the arsenic exposure areas by drinking water is significant higher than that of the common people, especially in children and middle-aged and older people. The main causes of death are respiratory system diseases, malignant tumors and other chronic diseases.

关 键 词：砷 暴露 死因 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]