非水溶性钾矿制取碳酸钾:副产硅铝胶凝材料  

Preparation of Potassium Carbonate from Potash Slate of Bayan Obo:An Experimental Study

作　　者：马鸿文[1] 杨静[1] 王英滨[1] 王刚[1] 苗世顶[1] 冯武威[1] 丁秋霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学矿物材料国家专业实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2007年第1期111-118,共8页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：教育部博士学科点基金项目(No1999049114);内蒙古自治区科技攻关项目(No20020307);矿物材料国家专业实验室开放基金课题(No04103)

摘　　要：白云鄂博稀土-铌-铁矿床上部围岩产富钾板岩,其K2O平均含量达13.0%,钾资源储量巨大.矿石的物相组成以微斜长石、黑云母为主,是一种重要的非水溶性钾矿资源.实验表明,以碳酸钠为助剂,经中温烧结,矿石分解率达98.2%以上.烧结物料中K2O的浸出率约70%,且在水浸酸化反应过程中,大部分Fe3+、Ti4+、Mn2+、Mg2+、Ca2+等杂质离子与硅铝质胶体同时沉淀析出,为制取电子级碳酸钾提供了可能.硅铝质胶体滤渣用于制备矿物聚合材料.采用本项技术开发利用此类非水溶性钾矿资源,符合节能高效和“清洁生产”的要求,兼有规模化经济效益和良好的环境效益.The potash slate of Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit is characterized by potassium feldspar as major mineral phase enriched with potassium, from which potassium feldspar powder with purity up to 74% was prepared first. And then, with sodium carbonate as additives, the powder was calcinated at the temperature of 760℃ to 830℃, leading to thermal decomposition of potassium feldspar to form a mixture of sodium metesilicate and sodium （potassium） metaluminate. By injecting CO2 gas into the liquid coexisting with the calcinated materials and then filtrating it, the liquor became a solution of NaHCO3-KHCO2 -H2O. By evaporating, crystallizing of NaHCO3, separating it from the liquid, and then purifying the residual liquor, evaporating, and crystallizing of KHCO3, owing to much lower solubility of the former, both of the precipitants were separated, and at last by calcinating the precipitants at 200℃ for 2 h, both sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate were prepared. The filtered aluminosilicate colloid was made into flyash-based mineral polymer with excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. In this way, the components of K2O, Al2O3 , and SiO2 in potassium feldspar of the ore are all made into industrial products, giving rise to nearly 100% output efficiency of the potassium feldspar resources, close to zero discharge of solid wastes, waste water, and exhaust gases. The technique is a ＂green process＂, characterized by energy conservation, and clean production. It is therefore feasible to be manufactured both for economic benefits and environmental friendliness.

关 键 词：非水溶性钾矿 富钾板岩 钾长石 碳酸钾 矿物聚合材料 

分 类 号：P619.23[天文地球—矿床学]